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JAXA
The , or JAXA, is Japan's national aero-space agency. Through the merger of three previously independent organizations, JAXA was formed on 1 October 2003. JAXA is responsible for research, technology development and the launch of satellites into orbit, and is involved in many more advanced missions, such as asteroid exploration and possible manned exploration of the Moon. Its motto is ''One JAXA''〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=JAXA - Keiji Tachikawa - JAXA in 2006 - )〕 and its corporate slogan is ''Explore to Realize'' (formerly ''Reaching for the skies, exploring space'').〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=JAXA - New JAXA Philosophy and Corporate Slogan )〕
== History ==
On 1 October 2003, three organizations were merged to form the new JAXA: Japan's Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (or ISAS), the National Aerospace Laboratory of Japan (NAL), and National Space Development Agency of Japan (NASDA). JAXA was formed as an Independent Administrative Institution administered by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) and the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC).〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Law Concerning Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency )〕
Before the merger, ISAS was responsible for space and planetary research, while NAL was focused on aviation research. NASDA, which was founded on 1 October 1969, had developed rockets, satellites, and also built the Japanese Experiment Module. The old NASDA headquarters were located at the current site of the Tanegashima Space Center, on Tanegashima Island, 115 kilometers south of Kyūshū. NASDA also trained Japanese astronauts, who flew with the US Space Shuttles.〔Kamiya, Setsuko, "(Japan a low-key player in space race )", ''Japan Times'', 30 June 2009, p. 3.〕
In 2012 new legislation extended JAXA's remit from peaceful purposes only to include some military space development, such as missile early warning systems. Political control of JAXA passed from MEXT to the Prime Minister’s Cabinet Office through a new Space Strategy Office.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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