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Jagannath (or Jagannatha)(odia:ଜଗନ୍ନାଥ) meaning "Lord of the Universe", is a deity worshipped by Hindus and Buddhists mainly in the Indian states of Odisha, Chhattisgarh, West Bengal, Jharkhand, Bihar, Assam, Manipur and Tripura and by Hindus in Bangladesh. Jagannath is considered a form of Vishnu〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Jagannath- The Epitome of Supreme Lord Vishnu )〕 or his avatar Krishna by the Hindus. Jagannath is worshipped as part of a triad on the "Ratnavedi" (jewelled platform) along with his brother Balabhadra and sister Subhadra. The icon of Jagannath is a carved and decorated wooden stump with large round eyes and with stumps as hands, with the conspicuous absence of legs. The worship procedures, practices, sacraments and rituals of Jagannath do not conform with those of classical Hinduism.〔( "Synthetic Character of Jagannath Culture", Pp. 1–4 )〕 It is made of wood, which is an exception to common Hindu iconographic deities of metal or stone.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://ourdharma.wordpress.com/2009/02/27/the-unfinished-jagannath-idol-at-puri/ )〕 The origin and evolution of Jagannath worship, as well as iconography, is unclear and has been subject to intense academic debate. Jagannath lacks a clear vedic reference and is also not a member of the traditional Dashavatara concept or the classical Hindu pantheon, though in certain Oriya literary creations, Jagannath has been treated as the Ninth avatar, by substituting Buddha.〔Mukherjee, Prabhat (The history of medieval Vaishnavism in Orissa ). P.155〕 Jagannath considered as a form of the Hindu God Vishnu, is non-sectarian and has not been associated with any particular denomination of Hinduism in entirety, though there are several common aspects with Vaishnavism, Saivism, Shaktism, Smartism, as well as with Buddhism and Jainism. The oldest and most famous Jagannath deity is established in Puri. The temple of Jagannath in Puri is regarded as one of the Char Dham (sacred Hindu pilgrimage places) in India.〔See: Chakravarti 1994, p 140〕 The most famous festival related to Jagannath is the Ratha yatra, where Jagannath, along with the other two associated deities, comes out of the Garbhagriha of the chief temple (Bada Deula). They are transported to the Gundicha Temple (located at a distance of nearly ), in three massive wooden chariots drawn by devotees. Coinciding with the Rath Yatra festival at Puri, similar processions are organized at Jagannath temples throughout the world. ==Etymology== Etymologically, "''Jagannath''" means "Master, Lord" (''nātha'') of the "World, Universe" (''Jagata''). The word has Sanskrit origin, being a tatsama in Odia. It is a relational-case Tatpurusa compound word. "Jagannātha" is a genitive tat-puruṣa-samāsa, derived from "'Jagat'' (a reduplicated nominal form of the verbal root √gam (go )), meaning "() is moving" and nātha ((オリヤー語:ନାଥ)), meaning "lord, refuge, shelter", ((オリヤー語:ଜଗତି)). Jagannatha can thus also mean "He the shelter of the Revolving World" In the Odia language, "Jagannath" refers to multiple names, as "''Jagā''" (ଜଗା) or "''Jagabandhu''" (ଜଗବନ୍ଧୁ) ("Friend of the Universe"). Both names derive from "Jagannath". Further, on the basis of the physical appearance of the deity, names like "''Kālya''" (କାଳିଆ) ("The Black-coloured Lord", but which can also mean "the Timely One"), "''Darubrahman''" (ଦାରୁବ୍ରହ୍ମ) ("The Sacred Wood-Riddle"), "''Dāruēdabatā''" ( "The wooden god"), Chakāākhi () or "''Chakānayan''" ( "With round eyes"), "''Cakāḍōḷā''" ( "with round pupils") are also in vogue.〔()〕 Some scholars have suggested that the word is a Sanskritization of a tribal word. They have presented arguments concerning the Jagannath's tribal origins. Savaras the early tribal inhabitants of Odisha were tree worshippers who called their god ''Jaganata'' from whom the word Jagannath may have been derived. However, the verity of these statements depends upon a prior knowledge of the verbal origins of the source languages, and so remains to some extent speculative and possibly represent political agendas. Still, to this day, a class of non brahmin priests known as "Daitapati" claiming origin from original Savara devotee of Jagannath named Viśvabāsu perform some of the most important rituals in the main temple at Pūri and are considered the God's family. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Jagannath」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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