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Jagraon
Jagraon is a city,a municipal council,a rural police district and a sub-division of the Ludhiana district in the Indian state of Punjab. Jagraon is more than three centuries old. It has been thought by some that the city's original name was ''Jagar aon'', meaning ''A place of great flooding'', although this flooding has since ceased. It could also be argued that Jagraon actually derives from a source with a suffix -''graon'' being a development of the Sanskrit ''Grama'', meaning ''Village'' as found in the Hindi word ''Gaon''. Jagraon is located at almost the geographical center of Punjab state, only 16 kilometres from the River Satluj. It is situated at a distance of 37 km from its district headquarters Ludhiana, 29 km from Moga, 31 km from Nakodar, 55 km from Barnala.
== History and religious significance ==
Jagraon is an important religious center for Sikhs, Hindus, Muslims as well as Jains. Jagraon (Jagrawan - ''The place of the Rais'') was founded by Rai Kamaluddin father of Rai Kalha III of Raikot in 1680 AD. Gurdwara Nanaksar Sahib is one of the important places of worship for the Sikhs. Gurdwara Mehdiana Sahib is known for its unique depiction of scenes from Sikh history, especially those of atrocities committed on the Sikhs by various Mughal rulers, in the form of life-sized statues. There are also many famousHindu temples including Bhadra kali Mandi and Pracheen Shiv Mandir. Muslim places of worship include the famous Khanqah and the mausoleum of Hazrat Baba Mohkam Din (RA), where a three-day annual fair, called the Roshni Mela is held in the third week of February. Baba Sahib had two wives, one named Sarah Bibi and the other named Mai jeena Bibi. Sara Bibi is buried very next to Baba Sahib and Mai Jeena Bibi is buried about one half a mile away from Baba Sahib's Mazaar and is beautifully built. Thousands of people pay their respect to her when people come all over from India to attend Baba Sahib's Annual Urs Mubarik, which is known as Roshni ka Mela.Before 1947 there was a large Muslim presence in this area. Right next to the Mazaar of Baba Mohkam Din (RA) there is the Maqbara of Syed Hameeray Shah Sahib (RA) who was the adopted son of Baba Sahib because he had no child from either wife. Syed Hameeray Shah Sahib (RA) was also his Great Khalifa and Mutabanna and Mutawalli of the property related to Baba Sahib (RA). Baba Mohkam Din (RA) died in February of 1913 A.D. He was initiated by his Pir o Murshid Hazrat Pir Muhammad Amin Sahib Sirhindi (RA) who was a great saint and Wali of Naqshbandi Silsila (Order) established in India by Hazrat Ahmad Sirhindi Mujaddid Alif Thani (RA).Maulvi Mazhar Hassan Wakeel (RA) advovate was the Sajjada Nishin and Mutawalli of the Mazar Shareef. In 1947 he migrated to Pakistan.
The Jain temple in Jagraon is considered as one of the most holy places for Jains in the region. Earlier the temple had quite a peaceful ambience and a good garden. However presently its proximity to the bus stand, police station and the bazaar has made it quite a congested place full of the noise of the town life. Nevertheless it attracts thousands of pilgrims from the Jain community all over the world, for the annual Diksha Mahotsav in the third week of March. The old walled city, with its four gates is known locally for its Mughal period architecture. Even the local market within the walled city is known as Anarkali bazaar, after the title of a beauty at Mughal Emperor Akbar's court. This bazaar is very congested. Despite all the congestion the stray cows can be found in the narrow lanes bringing the traffic to a halt.
Jagraon is also the home of Late Lala Lajpat Rai, a well-known figure in the Indian Independence movement, who greatly influenced patriots and great freedom fighters like Shaheed Bhagat Singh. His house is now a municipal library. The Chiefs of Jagraon according to Major Charles Francis Massy's 'Chiefs and Families of Note in the Punjab' were the Chandravanshi Rajputs, the last being Rai Inayat Khan,the custodian of Guru Sahib's Ganga Sagar at the time of the Partition of India in 1947. Rai Aziz Ullah Khan ex-MP (MNA) in Pakistan is the grandson of Rai Inayat Khan.〔"Major Charles Francis Massy, Chiefs and Families of Note in the Punjab, 1890, 1909 and 1940.Ludhiana Dist. Gazetteer 1888-89, 1904 and 1935(Administration and Statistical). Mahan Kosh by Bhai Kahan Singh Nabha p1037, p311. Encyclopaedia Of Sikhism by Prof Harbans Singh vol 11 p416. The Sikh Ref Book by Dr Harjinder Singh Dilgeer p 464, 196."〕
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