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}} The jalapeño ( or , ) is a medium-sized chili pepper pod type cultivar of the species ''Capsicum annuum''. A mature jalapeño fruit is long and hangs down with a round, firm, smooth flesh of wide. It is of mild to medium piquancy, 1,000 and 20,000 Scoville units in general. It is commonly picked and consumed while still green, but occasionally it is allowed to fully ripen and turn crimson red; and other cultivar variations of the same pod type exist. It is wider and milder than the Serrano pepper. The Chile Pepper Institute is known for developing colored variations.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.rareseeds.com/purple-jalapeno-pepper/ )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.chilepepperinstitute.org/cart/product/256/numex_jalapeno_orange_spice/ )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.chilepepperinstitute.org/cart/product/255/numex_jalapeno_lemon_spice/ )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.chilepepperinstitute.org/cart/product/254/numex_jalapeno_pumpkin_spice/ )〕 ==History and etymology== The jalapeño is variously named ''huachinango'', for the ripe red jalapeño, and ''chile gordo'' (meaning "fat chili pepper") in Mexico. The ''cuaresmeño'' closely resembles the jalapeño; its seeds have the heat of a jalapeño, but the flesh has a mild flavor close to a green bell pepper. The name ''jalapeño'' is Spanish for "from Xalapa" (also spelled ''Jalapa''), a town in Veracruz, Mexico, where the pepper was traditionally cultivated. The name ''Xalapa'' is itself of Nahuatl origin, formed from roots ''xālli'' "sand" and ''āpan'' "water place". Genetic analysis of ''Capsicum annuum'' places jalapeños as a distinct genetic clade with no close sisters that are not directly derived from jalapeños. Jalapeños were in use by the Aztec prior to the Spanish conquest; Bernardino de Sahagún in the Florentine Codex writes of Aztec markets selling Chipotles (smoked jalapeños), Mole made from chipotles, besides the sale of fresh chilies. The use of peppers in the Americas dates backs thousands of years, including the practice of smoking some varieties of peppers in order to preserve them; further well preserved samples and genetic testing would be needed to determine the usage and existence of the jalapeño clade and pod type into the past. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Jalapeño」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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