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Jephthah (pronounced ; (ヘブライ語:יפתח) ''Yip̄tāḥ''), appears in the Book of Judges as a judge over Israel for a period of six years (). He lived in Gilead and was a member either of the tribe of Manasseh or of the tribe of Gad.〔http://www.torahclass.com/old-testament-studies/37-old-testament-studies-numbers/226-lesson-32-chapter30-31〕 His father's name is also given as Gilead and, as his mother is described as a prostitute, this may mean that his father may have been any of the men of that area.〔(Karla Bombach, "Daughter of Jephthah: Bible (Jewish Women's Archive) )〕 Jephthah led the Israelites in battle against Ammon and, after defeating the Ammonites, fulfilled a rash vow of his, by sacrificing his daughter. Traditionally, Jephthah is listed among major judges on the ground of the length of the biblical narrative referring to him, but his story also shows signs of minor judges, for instance only six years duration of his office as judge. == Story == The story of Jephthah is found in the Old Testament Book of Judges chapters 11–12. The Israelites "again did what was evil in the sight of the Lord ... they forsook the Lord and did not serve him. So the anger of the Lord was kindled against Israel, and he sold them into the hand of the Philistines and into the hand of the Ammonites ..." (). Jephthah, having been born illegitimately, is driven out by his half-brothers and takes up his dwelling in Tob, east of Gilead. "There gathered around him some worthless () men, and they went out with him." (Judges 11:3) The elders of Gilead ask him to be their leader in the campaign against the Ammonites, but he holds out for a more permanent and a broader position, and the elders agree that, provided Jephthah succeeds in defeating Ammon, he will be their permanent chieftain. On behalf of Israel as a whole and in reliance on the might of God the Judge, Jephthah challenges the Ammonites. Jephthah swears an oath: Whatever (Note: Or ''whoever'') comes out from the doors of my house to meet me when I return in peace from the Ammonites shall be the Lord's, and I will offer it (Note: Or ''him'') up for a burnt offering.〔The Hebrew words (והעליתהו עולה) translated here as "I will offer it up for a holocaust" are capable of other interpretations, and the ambiguity has been the subject of much discussion – see below. For the word translated here as "holocaust" the Greek term used in the Septuagint translation is ὁλοκαύτωμα (''holokautoma''), which has the literal meaning of "wholly burnt", while the Hebrew עלה (''`olah'') literally means "ascent".〕 The victorious Jephthah is met on his return by his daughter, his only child. Jephthah tears his clothes and cries, "Alas, my daughter! You have brought me very low!" but is bound by his vow: "I have opened my mouth to the Lord, and I cannot take back my vow" (). The girl asks for two months' grace, "...that I may go up and down on the mountains and weep for my virginity" (). And so Jephthah "did with her according to his vow that he had made" (). The story ends by recounting how "the daughters of Israel went year by year to lament the daughter of Jephthah the Gileadite four days in the year" (). Later, Jephthah was forced to fight against the Ephraimites, who refused to aid him in his struggle against the Ammonites. The story is remembered for the killing of the fugitive Ephraimites who were identified by their accent; they said the Hebrew word ''shibboleth'' as ''sibboleth''. "At that time 42,000 of the Ephraimites fell" (). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Jephthah」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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