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Jeremiah
Jeremiah (;〔) entry "Jeremiah"〕 Hebrew: יִרְמְיָהוּ, Modern Hebrew: ''Yirməyāhū'', IPA: ''jirməˈjaːhu'', Tiberian: ''Yirmĭyahu'', Greek: Ἰερεμίας, (アラビア語: إرميا ''Irmiya'')) meaning "Yah Exalts", also called the "Weeping prophet",〔"Jeremiah", ''New Bible Dictionary'', Second Edition, Tyndale Press, Wheaton, IL, USA 1987.〕 was one of the major prophets of the Hebrew Bible (Christian Old Testament). Jeremiah is traditionally credited with authoring the Book of Jeremiah, 1 Kings, 2 Kings and the Book of Lamentations,〔"Lamentations", ''The Anchor Bible'', commentary by Delbert R. Hillers, 1972, pp.XIX-XXIV〕 with the assistance and under the editorship of Baruch ben Neriah, his scribe and disciple.
Judaism considers the Book of Jeremiah part of its canon, and regards Jeremiah as the second of the major prophets. Christianity also regards Jeremiah as a prophet and he is quoted in the New Testament.〔Hebrews 8:8–12 ESV Hebrews 10:16–17 ESV〕 Islam too considers Jeremiah a prophet, and he is listed as a major prophet in Ibn Kathir's Qisas Al-Anbiya (''Stories of the Prophets'').〔Qassas Al-Anbiya, Mu'assasa Umm Al-Qura: Mansoura, n.d., page 527〕
About a year after King Josiah of Judah had turned the nation toward repentance from the widespread idolatrous practices of his father and grandfather, Jeremiah's sole purpose was to reveal the sins of the people and explain the reason for the impending disaster (destruction by the Babylonian army and captivity),〔Jeremiah 1–2〕〔''Jeremiah and Lamentations: From Sorrow to Hope'', Philip Graham Ryken, R. Kent Hughes, 2001, pp.19–36〕 "And when your people say, 'Why has the Lord our God done all these things to us?' you shall say to them, 'As you have forsaken me and served foreign gods in your land, so you shall serve foreigners in a land that is not yours.'"〔Jeremiah 5:19 ESV〕 God's personal message to Jeremiah, "Attack you they will, overcome you they can't,"〔Jeremiah 1:19 ''The Anchor Bible''〕 was fulfilled many times in the Biblical narrative: Jeremiah was attacked by his own brothers,〔Jeremiah 12:6〕 beaten and put into the stocks by a priest and false prophet,〔Jeremiah 20:1-4, See also The NIV Study Bible, Zondervan, 1995, p. 1501〕 imprisoned by the king,〔Jeremiah 37:18, Jeremiah 38:28〕 threatened with death,〔Jeremiah 38:4〕 thrown into a cistern by Judah's officials,〔Jeremiah 38:6〕 and opposed by a false prophet.〔Jeremiah 28〕 When Nebuchadnezzar seized Jerusalem in 586 BC,〔''Jeremiah, Lamentations'', F.B. Huey, Broadman Press, 1993 pp. 433–439〕 he ordered that Jeremiah be freed from prison and treated well.〔Jeremiah 39:11–40:5〕
== Chronology ==
Jeremiah's ministry was active from the thirteenth year of Josiah, king of Judah (3298 AM,〔Seder HaDoroth year 3298〕 or 626 BC〔''Jeremiah'', New Bible Dictionary, Second Edition, Tyndale Press, 1987 pp. 559-560〕), until after the fall of Jerusalem and the destruction of Solomon's Temple in 3358 AM or 587 BC.〔''Introduction to Jeremiah'', The Jewish Study Bible, Oxford University Press, 2004, p. 917〕 This period spanned the reigns of five kings of Judah: Josiah, Jehoahaz, Jehoiakim, Jehoiachin, and Zedekiah.〔 The Hebrew-language chronology ''Seder HaDoroth'' (published 1768) gives Jeremiah's final year of prophecy to be 3350 AM, whereby he transmitted his teachings to Baruch ben Neriah.〔Seder HaDoroth, year 3350〕
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