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The principality of Jersika ((ラテン語:Gerzika, terra Lettia), (ドイツ語:Gerzika, Zargrad), (ロシア語:Ерсика, Герцике); also known as ''Лотыголa'') was an early medieval principality in eastern modern Latvia. The capital of Jersika was located on a hill fort southeast of Riga. == History == Jersika was established in the 10th century as an outpost of the principality of Polotsk on the old "trade route from the Varangians to the Greeks". It was ruled by Orthodox Christan princes from the Latgalian-Polotsk branch of the Rurik Dynasty.〔von Keussler, Fr. (1897) ''Zur Geschichte Bischof Meinhards und des Fürstenthums Gercike''. Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft für Geschichte und Altertumskunde der Ostseeprovinzen Russlands a.d. Jahre 1896. Riga.〕 In 1209 Visvaldis, the prince of Jersika, was militarily defeated by bishop Albert of Riga and the Livonian Brothers of the Sword, and his Lithuanian wife taken prisoner. He was forced to submit his kingdom to Albert as a grant to the Bishopric of Riga, and received back only a portion of it as a fief. Visvaldis' feudal charter is the oldest such document surviving in Latvia, and in this charter Visvaldis is called "the king of Jersika" (''"Vissewalde, rex de Gercike"'', in another document also ''"Wiscewolodus rex de Berzika"'').〔(The "Chronicle of Henry of Livonia" translated and edited by James A. Brundage, Columbia University, 1961; revised 2003; 288 pages ISBN 0-231-12888-6 )〕 In 1211 the part of Jersika controlled by Albert which was known as "Lettia" (''"terra, quae Lettia dicitur"'') was divided between the bishopric of Riga and the Livonian Brothers of the Sword.〔Švābe, A. (1936) "(Jersikas karaļvalsts )". ''Senatne un Māksla'', 1936:1, pp. 5–31. (In Latvian, original documents in Latin included)〕 After the death of Visvaldis in 1239 his fief passed to the Livonian Order, but this was repeatedly contested by the rulers of Lithuania and Novgorod, who periodically sought to conquer the territory. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Principality of Jersika」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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