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}} |other_name = |nickname = City of Springs () |settlement_type = Sub-provincial city |motto = |image_skyline = Jinan montage.png |imagesize = |image_caption = Clockwise from top: Jinan's Skyline, Quancheng Square, Daming Lake, Furong Street, and Five Dragon Pool |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_shield = |shield_size = |city_logo = |citylogo_size = |image_map = ChinaShandongJinan.png |mapsize = 250px |map_caption = Location of Jinan City within Shandong |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |image_dot_map = |dot_mapsize = |dot_map_caption = |dot_x = |dot_y = |pushpin_map = China |pushpin_label_position = |pushpin_map_caption =Location in China |pushpin_mapsize =250 |coordinates_region = CN-37 |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = People's Republic of China |subdivision_type1 = Province |subdivision_name1 = Shandong |subdivision_type2 = |subdivision_name2 = |subdivision_type3 = County-level divisions |subdivision_name3 = 10 |subdivision_type4 = Township divisions |subdivision_name4 = 146 |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = Party Secretary |leader_name = Wang Wentao |leader_title1 =Mayor |leader_name1 =Yang Lu Yu () |leader_title2 = |leader_name2 = |leader_title3 = |leader_name3 = |leader_title4 = |leader_name4 = |established_title = |established_date = |established_title2 = |established_date2 = |established_title3 = |established_date3 = |area_magnitude = |unit_pref = |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = 8177 |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = 3304 |area_metro_km2 = 3304 |population_as_of = 2010 census |population_footnotes = |population_note = |population_total = 6813984 |population_density_km2 = auto |population_metro = 43359890 |population_density_metro_km2 = auto |population_urban = 4335989 |population_density_urban_km2 = auto |population_blank1_title = |population_blank1 = |population_density_blank1_km2 = |population_density_blank1_sq_mi = |population_blank2_title =Major nationalities |population_blank2= |timezone = China Standard |utc_offset = +8 |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |latd=36 |latm=40 |latNS=N |longd=116 |longm=59 |longEW=E |elevation_footnotes = (Airport) |elevation_m = 23 |elevation_ft = |postal_code_type =Postal code |postal_code =250000 |area_code =531 |blank_name =License plate prefixes |blank_info =A |blank1_name =GDP (2009) |blank1_info =CNY 335.1 billion |blank2_name = - per capita |blank2_info =CNY 49391 |blank3_name = |blank3_info = |blank4_name = |blank4_info = |website = (www.jinan.gov.cn ) (Chinese) |footnotes = }} Jinan is the capital of Shandong province in Eastern China. The area of present-day Jinan has played an important role in the history of the region from the earliest beginnings of civilization and has evolved into a major national administrative, economic, and transportation hub.〔 The city has held sub-provincial administrative status since 1994.〔. (【引用サイトリンク】title=Jinan (Shandong) City Information )〕 Jinan is often referred to as the "Spring City" for its well-known 72 artesian springs inside urban area.〔(济南新72名泉评定前后 )〕 Its population was 6,813,984 at the 2010 census whom 4,335,989 lived in the built-up (''or metro'') area made up of 6 urban districts.〔http://www.citypopulation.de/php/china-shandong-admin.php〕 ==Names== The modern-day name "Jinan" literally means "south of the Ji (Waters)" and refers to the old Ji River that had flowed to the north of the city until the middle of the 19th century. The Ji River disappeared in 1852〔(K. Pletcher (ed.): The Geography of China: Sacred and Historic Places, The Rosen Publishing Group, 2011 )〕 when the Yellow River changed its course northwards and took over its bed. The current pronunciation of the character "Ji" with the third tone ("jǐ") was established in the late 1970s. Prior to this, it was pronounced with the fourth tone (""). Older texts spell the name as "Tsinan" (Wade-Giles romanizaton) or "Chi-nan". During the times of the Zhou dynasty (1045 BC to 256 BC), the city of Lixia () was the major settlement in the area. The name "Lixia" refers to the location of Jinan at the foot of Mount Li, which lies to the south of the city). Today, Lixia is the name of one of the city's districts. The Battle of An, which was fought in the area during the Spring and Autumn Period (in 589 BCE) between the states of Qi and Jin, is named for the ancient city of () which stood within the city limits of present-day Jinan. Marco Polo gives a brief description of Jinan under the name "Chingli"〔(Jinan. (2008). In Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved October 28, 2008, from Encyclopædia Britannica Online )〕 or "Chinangli".〔The Travels of Marco Polo – The Complete Yule-Cordier Edition, Volume II〕 19th and early 20th century texts frequently give the name of the city as "Tsinan Fu" where the additional "Fu" () comes from the dated Chinese term for a provincial capital (). Jinan is also referred to by the nickname "City of Springs" (), because of the many artesian springs in the urban city centre and its surroundings. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Jinan」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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