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Jirgalang
Jirgalang or Jirhalang (Manchu: 1599 - June 11, 1655) was a Manchu noble, regent, and political and military leader of the early Qing dynasty. Born of the Manchu Aisin Gioro clan, he was the sixth son of Šurhaci, a younger brother of Qing founder Nurhaci. From 1638 to 1643, he took part in many military campaigns that helped bring down the fall of the Ming dynasty. After the death of Hong Taiji (Nurhaci's successor) in September 1643, Jirgalang became one of the young Shunzhi Emperor's two co-regents, but he soon yielded most political power to co-regent Dorgon in October 1644. Dorgon eventually purged him of his regent title in 1647. After Dorgon died in 1650, Jirgalang led an effort to clean the government of Dorgon's supporters. Jirgalang was one of ten "Princes of the First Rank" (和碩親王) whose descendants were made "Iron-cap Princes" (鐵帽子王), who had the right to transmit their princely titles to their direct male descendants perpetually.
==Career before 1643==
In 1627, Jirgalang took part in the first Manchu campaign against Korea under the command of his older brother Amin.〔Kennedy (1943a): 397.〕 In 1630, when Amin was stripped of his titles for having failed to fight an army of the Ming dynasty, Hong Taiji gave Jirgalang control of the Bordered Blue Banner, which had been under Amin's command.〔Kennedy (1943a): 397.〕 As one of "four senior beile" (the other three were Daišan, Manggūltai, and Hung Taiji himself), Jirgalang participated in many military campaigns against the Ming and the Chahar Mongols.〔Kennedy (1943a): 397.〕 In 1636 he was granted the title of "Prince Zheng of the First Rank" (和碩鄭親王), with rights of perpetual inheritance.〔Kennedy (1943a): 397.〕 In 1642, Jirgalang led the siege of Jinzhou, an important Ming city in Liaodong that surrendered to Qing forces in April of that year after more than one year of resistance.〔Wakeman (1985), 221-222.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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