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Anya Schiffrin |alma_mater = |website = |module = }} }} Joseph Eugene Stiglitz, ForMemRS,〔 FBA (born February 9, 1943) is an American economist and a professor at Columbia University. He is a recipient of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences (2001) and the John Bates Clark Medal (1979). He is a former senior vice president and chief economist of the World Bank and is a former member and chairman of the (US president's) Council of Economic Advisers.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Former Chief Economists )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Former Members of the Council )〕 He is known for his critical view of the management of globalization, ''laissez-faire'' economists (whom he calls "free market fundamentalists"), and some international institutions like the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. In 2000, Stiglitz founded the Initiative for Policy Dialogue (IPD), a think tank on international development based at Columbia University. He has been a member of the Columbia faculty since 2001, received that university's highest academic rank (university professor) in 2003, and is the co-chair of the university's Committee on Global Thought. He also chairs the University of Manchester's Brooks World Poverty Institute as well as the Socialist International Commission on Global Financial Issues and is a member of the Pontifical Academy of Social Sciences. In 2009 the President of the United Nations General Assembly Miguel d'Escoto Brockmann, appointed Stiglitz as the chairman of the U.N. Commission on Reforms of the International Monetary and Financial System, where he oversaw suggested proposals and commissioned a report on reforming the international monetary and financial system.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Commission of Experts of the President of the UN General Assembly on Reforms of the International Monetary and Financial System )〕 Since 2012 Stiglitz has been the president of the International Economic Association (IEA).〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The International Economics Association )〕 He presided over the organization of the IEA triennial world congress held near the Dead Sea in Jordan in June 2014.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=IEA World Congress 2014 )〕 Based on academic citations, Stiglitz is the 4th most influential economist in the world today,〔 〕 and in 2011 he was named by ''Time'' magazine as one of the 100 most influential people in the world. Stiglitz's work focuses on income distribution, asset risk management, corporate governance, and international trade. He is the author of several books, the latest being ''The Great Divide: Unequal Societies and What We Can Do About Them'' (2015). ==Life and career== Stiglitz was born in Gary, Indiana, to Charlotte (née Fishman), a schoolteacher, and Nathaniel David Stiglitz, an insurance salesman.〔http://www.encyclopedia.com/article-1G2-3231900130/stiglitz-joseph-e-1943.html〕 From 1960 to 1963, he studied at Amherst College, where he was a highly active member of the debate team and president of the student government. He went to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) for his fourth year as an undergraduate, where he later pursued graduate work. His undergraduate degree was awarded from Amherst College. From 1965 to 1966, he moved to the University of Chicago to do research under Hirofumi Uzawa who had received an NSF grant. He studied for his PhD from MIT from 1966 to 1967, during which time he also held an MIT assistant professorship. Stiglitz stated that the particular style of MIT economics suited him well – simple and concrete models, directed at answering important and relevant questions. From 1966 to 1970 he was a research fellow at the University of Cambridge: he arrived at Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge as a Fulbright Scholar in 1965 and then won a Tapp Junior Research Fellowship at Gonville and Caius College. In subsequent years, he held academic positions at Yale, Stanford, Oxford, and Princeton.〔http://www2.gsb.columbia.edu/faculty/jstiglitz/download/Stiglitz_CV.pdf〕 Stiglitz is now a professor at Columbia University, with appointments at the Business School, the Department of Economics and the School of International and Public Affairs (SIPA), and is editor of ''The Economists' Voice'' journal with J. Bradford DeLong and Aaron Edlin. He also gives classes for a double-degree program between Sciences Po Paris and École Polytechnique in 'Economics and Public Policy'. He has chaired The Brooks World Poverty Institute at the University of Manchester since 2005. Stiglitz is a New-Keynesian economist.〔Bruce C. Greenwald & Joseph E. Stiglitz: ''Keynesian, New Keynesian and New Classical Economics.'' Oxford Economics Papers, 39, March 1987, pp. 119–133. ((PDF; 1,62 MB ))〕〔Bruce C. Greenwald & Joseph E. Stiglitz: ''Examining Alternative Macroeconomic Theories.'' Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, No. 1, 1988, pp. 201–270. ((PDF; 5,50 MB ))〕 In addition to making numerous influential contributions to microeconomics, Stiglitz has played a number of policy roles. He served in the Clinton administration as the chair of the President's Council of Economic Advisors (1995 – 1997). At the World Bank, he served as senior vice-president and chief economist (1997 – 2000), in the time when unprecedented protest against international economic organizations started, most prominently with the Seattle WTO meeting of 1999. He was fired by the World Bank for expressing dissent with its policies. He was a lead author for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2007. He is a member of Collegium International, an organization of leaders with political, scientific, and ethical expertise whose goal is to provide new approaches in overcoming the obstacles in the way of a peaceful, socially just and an economically sustainable world. He is also a member of the scientific committee of the Fundacion IDEAS, a Spanish think tank.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.fundacionideas.es/scientific_commitee )〕 Stiglitz has advised American president Barack Obama, but has also been sharply critical of the Obama Administration's financial-industry rescue plan. Stiglitz said that whoever designed the Obama administration's bank rescue plan is "either in the pocket of the banks or they’re incompetent." In October 2008, he was asked by the President of the United Nations General Assembly to chair a commission drafting a report on the reasons for and solutions to the financial crisis. In response, the commission produced the Stiglitz Report. On July 25, 2011, Stiglitz participated in the "I Foro Social del 15M" organized in Madrid (Spain) expressing his support to the 2011 Spanish protests.〔 Stiglitz was the president of the International Economic Association from 2011–2014. On September 27, 2015, the United Kingdom Labour Party announced that Stiglitz was to sit on its Economic Advisory Committee along with five other world leading economists. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Joseph Stiglitz」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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