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Judea or Judæa (;〔(LDS.org: "Book of Mormon Pronunciation Guide" ) (retrieved 2012-02-25), IPA-ified from «jū-dē´a»〕 from (ヘブライ語:יהודה), Standard ''Yəhuda'' Tiberian ''(unicode:Yəhûḏāh)'', (ギリシア語:Ἰουδαία), ''Ioudaía''; (ラテン語:IVDÆA), (アラビア語:يهودا), ''Yahudia'') is the biblical, Roman, and modern name of the mountainous southern part of Palestine. The name originates from the Hebrew, Canaanite and later neo-Babylonian and Persian name "Yehudah" or "Yehud" for the biblical Israelite tribe of Judah (Yehudah) and associated Kingdom of Judah, which the 1906 Jewish Encyclopedia dates from 934 until 586 BCE. The name of the region continued to be incorporated through the Babylonian conquest, Persian, Hellenistic, and Roman periods as Yehud, Yehud Medinata, Hasmonean Judea, and consequently Herodian Judea and Roman Judea, respectively. As a consequence of the Bar Kokhba revolt, in 135 CE the region was renamed and merged with Roman Syria to form ''Syria Palaestina'' by the victorious Roman Emperor Hadrian. A large part of Judea was included in Jordanian West Bank between 1948 to 1967 (i.e., the "West Bank" of the Kingdom of Jordan).〔http://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/05/world/middleeast/05mideast.html?_r=0〕 The term ''Judea'' as a geographical term was revived by the Israeli government in the 20th century as part of the Israeli administrative district name Judea and Samaria Area for the territory generally referred to as the West Bank. ==Etymology== The name ''Judea'' is a Greek and Roman adaptation of the name "Judah", which originally encompassed the territory of the Israelite tribe of that name and later of the ancient Kingdom of Judah. Nimrud Tablet K.3751, dated c.733 BCE, is the earliest known record of the name Judah (written in Assyrian cuneiform as Yaudaya or KUR.ia-ú-da-a-a). Judea was sometimes used as the name for the entire region, including parts beyond the river Jordan.〔(Studies in Palestinian Geography, Prof. S.J. Riggs, Auburn Theological Seminary, 1894, JSTOR The Biblical World )〕 In 200 CE Sextus Julius Africanus, cited by Eusebius (''Church History'' 1.7.14), described "Nazara" (Nazareth) as a village in Judea.〔"A few of the careful, however, having obtained private records of their own, either by remembering the names or by getting them in some other way from the registers, pride themselves on preserving the memory of their noble extraction. Among these are those already mentioned, called Desposyni, on account of their connection with the family of the Saviour. Coming from Nazara and Cochaba, villages of Judea, into other parts of the world, they drew the aforesaid genealogy from memory and from the book of daily records as faithfully as possible." (Eusebius Pamphili, (''Church History'', Book I, Chapter VII ),§ 14)〕 Judea was the name in use in English until the Jordanian occupation of the area in 1948. Jordan called the area ''ad-difa’a al-gharbiya'' (translated into English as the "West Bank").〔("This Side of the River Jordan; On Language," ) Philologos, September 22, 2010, Forward.〕 "Yehuda" is the Hebrew term used for the area in modern Israel since the region was captured and occupied by Israel in 1967. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Judea」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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