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Jewish hat
:''This article is about the headgear of medieval European Jews. For the modern Jewish skullcap, see kippah.''
The Jewish hat also known as the Jewish cap, ''Judenhut'' (German) or Latin ''pilleus cornutus'' ("horned skullcap"), was a cone-shaped pointed hat, often white or yellow, worn by Jews in Medieval Europe and some of the Islamic world. Initially worn by choice, its wearing was enforced in some places in Europe after 1215 for adult male Jews to wear while outside a ghetto in order to distinguish Jews from others. Like the phrygian cap it often resembles, the hat may have originated in pre-Islamic Persia—a similar hat was worn by Babylonian Jews.〔(Medieval Jewish History: An Encyclopedia. Edited by Norman Roth, Routledge ) The hat worn by Zoroastrian priests in paintings at Dura Europas (but not by any figures in the contemporary synagogue) looks very similar to some of the earliest European examples, those worn by Old Testament figures on the reliefs of the doors of San Zeno, Verona, ca. 1100 (()) - (Corbis ) less than ideal photo - see e.g. middle panels in rows 2 & 3.〕
Modern distinctive or characteristic Jewish forms of male headgear include the kippah (skullcap), shtreimel, spodik, kolpik, kashkets and fedora; see also Hasidic headwear.
==Europe==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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