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Jugaad
''Jugaad'' (alternatively ''Juggaar'') is a colloquial Hindi and Punjabi word that can mean an innovative fix or a simple work-around, used for solutions that bend rules, or a resource that can be used as such, or a person who can solve a complicated issue. It is used as much to describe enterprising street mechanics as for political fixers. This meaning is often used to signify creativity to make existing things work or to create new things with meagre resources.
The Jugaad concept can be contrasted with the Western (originally American ) concept of a hack or kludge, or to bodge or botch (British English). Although in its general meaning "hack" is very similar to "jugaad", a jugaad can be thought of more as a survival tactic; in contrast, a hack, is seen by some an intellectual art form. Both concepts express a need to do what needs to be done, without regard to what is conventionally supposed to be possible.
Jugaad is increasingly accepted as a management technique and is recognised all over the world as an acceptable form of frugal engineering at peak in India. Companies in India are adopting Jugaad as a practise to reduce research and development costs. Jugaad also applies to any kind of creative and out of the box thinking or life hacking, which maximises resources for a company and its stakeholders.
==Etymology and variants==
In Urdu, the word includes the letter ṛē in the end making the pronunciation ''Juggaar''. In Punjabi and Hindi, it is pronounced as ''Jugard'' or ''Jugaardh'', in the same way as it is pronounced in Urdu. In Sanskrit, the word is ''Yukti'', colloquially ''Yugat''.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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