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Julleuchter ((:ˈjuːlˌlɔʏçtɐ); "Yule lantern") was the term for a type of lantern used in the "Julfest" during the German Third Reich. Heinrich Himmler, commander of the SS, who placed great interest in Ariosophy, gave the ''SS Julleuchter'' as a presentation piece for SS soldiers to celebrate the winter solstice, from approximately 1936 until 1944. Heinrich Himmler originally had the intention to make the Julleuchter a standard gift to all SS members and there were no criteria attached to its presentation. For reasons which are not entirely clear, by the start of World War II, the Julleuchter had begun to be viewed as an SS decoration, and was entered as such in SS service records once the Julleuchter had been presented.〔SS Service record collection, United States National Archives; College Park, Maryland〕 However, as the SS-Julleuchter was considered "non-portable" (much like the Luftwaffe Honor Goblet), there was no outward display on an SS uniform indicating its presentation. ==Swedish artefact type== The design of the ''Julleuchter'' was based on an early modern (late 18th century or early 19th century) unburnt clay candle-holder from Halland, Sweden. This particular specimen is kept in the Nordic Museum in Stockholm (inv. nr. 32.477). It has a height of 15 cm and a base of 8.2 cm squared.〔Schild (2000). C.f. this (online copy ) of a photograph by Sören Hallgren, Nordiska Museet.〕 The candle-holder has an incised heart shape and below a six-spoked opening. This artefact was described in 1888 in the magazine of the Swedish literary club Runa (founded by Johan August Strindberg), which compared the six-spoked window in its base with the shape of the medieval ''h''-rune; the 1888 article attributed a 16th-century date to the object (the earliest date of the introduction of candles to Scandinavian households).〔Runa magazine 1888 page 20.〕 There are several surviving specimens of this type of early modern candle-holder from Sweden. There is nothing to suggest that it was in any way connected to Yule in particular. The artefact type was also called ''Turmleuchter'' ("tower lantern") in some 1920s to 1930s German sources. A comparable specimen was on display in the open-air museum of Skansen, based on a photograph kept in the Detmold state archive. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Julleuchter」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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