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:''Not to be confused with iustitia, the Latin word for "justice," Justitia, the allegorical figure representing justice, or Justinian, the byzantine emperor during the era of ancient Rome.'' ''Justitium'' is a concept of Roman law, equivalent to the declaration of the state of emergency. It was usually declared following a sovereign's death, during the troubled period of ''interregnum'', but also in case of invasions. However, in this last case, it was not as much the physical danger of invasion that justified the instauration of a state of exception, as the consequences that the news of the invasion had in Rome - for example, ''justitium'' was proclaimed at the news of Hannibal's attacks. According to Giorgio Agamben, ''justitium'' progressively came to mean, after the Roman Republic, the public mourning of the sovereign: a sort of privatization or diversion of the danger threatening the ''polis'', as the sovereign claimed for himself the ''auctoritas'', or authority, necessary to the rule of law. ==See also== * ''Auctoritas'' * Giorgio Agamben * ''Interregnum'' * State of emergency 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Justitium」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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