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Józef Tusk (23 March 1907 – 12 June 1987) was a grandfather of the Prime Minister of Poland, Donald Tusk. During World War II, he served as a forced laborer in Germany, and was imprisoned in a concentration camp. He also briefly served in the Wehrmacht, which proved to be controversial during the Polish presidential election, 2005. ==Biography== Józef Tusk was born in Gdańsk (Danzig, German Empire), a member of the Kashubian minority. He became a citizen of the Free City of Danzig after World War I and worked for the Polish railway in the Free City.〔(Raubzug in der Geschichte ) Der Spiegel, 24.10.2005 〕〔(Enkel haften für ihre Grossväter ) Die Welt, 19.06.2007 〕 He became a member of the Polish Secret Military Organization (Tajna Organizacja Wojskowa, TOW), which prepared behind-the-lines operatives in case of the war. On 1 September 1938 Tusk was placed in the position of the telegraphist in the Danzig (Gdańsk) railway station. It is likely, but not confirmed, that he had been working with the Polish intelligence services.〔 Barbara Szczepuła , ''(Józef Tusk i inni (2) )'', Dziennik Bałtycki, 2006-08-12〕 On 1 September 1939, when Germany invaded Poland, the Free City of Danzig was incorporated into the German Reich and the citizens of the Free City became German nationals. Tusk was assaulted in his house in the morning, and later witnessed German arrests of Poles at the railway station, and the Defence of the Polish Post in Danzig.〔 Józef Tusk reported the assault to Danzig police, and was subsequently arrested as a Polish activist, described as a "Polish fanatic, dangerous to the security of the German State"; his family on the same day was evicted from their house.〔 Tusk was a forced laborer working in the construction of the Stutthof concentration camp〔〔, Barbara Szczepuła, ''(Józef Tusk i inni. Niemiecki niewolnik ), 2006-08-18〕 In 1941 he was interviewed by Gestapo and imprisoned in Neuengamme concentration camp.〔, Barbara Szczepuła, ''(Józef Tusk i inni. Wielka litera "P" ), 2006-08-25〕 On 26 August 1942 he was released from Neuengamme.〔 On 2 August 1944 Tusk was conscripted into Wehrmacht, into the 328. Grenadier-Ersatz- und Ausbildungsbatallion (328th Grenadier Replacement and Training Battalion).〔〔http://www.lexikon-der-wehrmacht.de/Gliederungen/InfErsBat/InfErsBat328-R.htm〕〔, Barbara Szczepuła, ''(Józef Tusk i inni. Batalion 328 ), 2006-08-31〕 After about four months, around 24 November 1944 or soon afterward, he either deserted, defecting to the Polish Armed Forces in the West, or was imprisoned in an Allied prisoners-of-war camp.〔, Barbara Szczepuła, ''(Józef Tusk i inni. Każdy swoje przeżył ), 2006-09-14〕〔, Barbara Szczepuła, ''(Józef Tusk i inni (9). Nie płacz, Juliśka ), 2006-09-28〕 Józef Tusk returned to Sopot, where his family moved to, in the People's Republic of Poland, in mid-October 1945.〔 According to his family and friends, he never spoke much about his wartime history. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Józef Tusk」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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