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The jötnar (anglicized jotunn or jotun, plural jötnar; , , or ; Icelandic: (:ˈjœːtʏn); from Old Norse jǫtunn ; often glossed as ''giant'' or ''ettin'') can be seen throughout Norse mythology. The Jötnar are a mythological race that live in Jötunheimr, one of the nine worlds of Norse cosmology. They were banished there by the Æsir who refuse them entry to their world, Asgard. The Jötnar frequently interact with the Æsir, as well as the Vanir. They are usually in opposition to, or in competition with them, but also interact with them in a non-hostile manner. Some Jötnar even intermarry with the Æsir and Vanir and many are named as parents or grandparents of Æsir such as Thor and Odin. This very complex relationship between these two comparable races develops most notably in the Prose Edda and the Poetic Edda, ultimately making it difficult to distinguish them from the more familiar Norse gods. ==Etymology== In Old Norse, the beings were called jǫtnar (singular ''jǫtunn'', the regular reflex of the stem ''jǫtun-'' and the nominative singular ending ''-r''), in particular ''leirjötnar'' ("clay-jötnar", i.e. Hrungnir, Aurgelmir) and ''eldjötnar'' ("fire-jötnar", i.e. Surtr, Muspell); or risar (singular ''risi''), in particular ''bergrisar'' ("mountain-risar") and ''sjórisar'' ("sea-risar", i.e. Ægir, Rán); or þursar (sing. ''þurs''; anglicized as ''thurs''), in particular ''hrímþursar'' ("rime-thursar") and ''vindþursar'' ("wind-thursar", i.e. Kári, Hræsvelgr). Giantesses could also be known as gýgjar (singular ''gýgr'') or íviðjur (singular ''íviðja''). ''Jǫtunn'' (Proto-Germanic '' *etunaz'') might have the same root as "eat" (Proto-Germanic '' *etan'') and accordingly had the original meaning of "glutton" or "man-eater", probably due to their enormous diet because of their size. Following the same logic, ''þurs'' might be derivative of "thirst" or "blood-thirst." ''Risi'' is probably akin to "rise," and so means "towering person" (akin to German ''Riese'', Dutch ''reus'', archaic Swedish ''rese'', giant). The word "jotun" has evolved into ''jätte'' and ''jætte'' in modern Swedish and Danish, ''jotner'' in Norwegian (Singular: ''jotne''), while in Faroese they are called ''jatnir'' / (Singular: ''jøtun'' ). In modern Icelandic ''jötunn'' has kept its original meaning. In Old English, the cognate to ''jötunn'' is ''eoten'', whence modern English ''ettin'' (also found as ''etene'', ''yttin'' and ''ytene''). 〔''Northumberland Words – A Glossary of Words Used in the County of Northumberland and on the Tyneside -, Volume 1'' by Richard Oliver Heslop, Read Books, 2008, ISBN 978-1-4097-6525-7〕 The Elder Futhark rune ᚦ, called Thurs (from Proto-Germanic '' *Þurisaz''), later evolved into the letter Þ. It is associated with dark magic, which could be why the jötnar have a negative connotation, or vice versa.〔 In Scandinavian folklore, the Norwegian name ''tusse'' for a kind of troll or nisse, derives from Old Norse Þurs. Old English also has the cognate ''þyrs'' of the same meaning. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Jötunn」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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