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KCRA-TV, virtual channel 3 (UHF digital channel 35), is an NBC-affiliated television station located in Sacramento, California, United States. The station is owned by the Hearst Television subsidiary of the Hearst Corporation, as part of a duopoly with MyNetworkTV affiliate KQCA (channel 58). The two stations share studio facilities and offices located at 3 Television Circle in downtown Sacramento, KCRA's transmitter is located in Walnut Grove. ==History== The station first signed on the air on September 3, 1955. It was founded by the Kelly and Hansen families and their Central Valley Broadcasting Company, who also owned KCRA radio (1320 AM, now KCTC, and 96.1 FM, now KYMX); the AM station's call letters were intended to be KRCA, but the middle two letters were erroneously transposed by a typist at the Federal Communications Commission when that station's original license was drafted in 1945 and was never corrected. By the time KCRA-TV went on the air, the ''KRCA-TV'' call letters had already been taken the previous year by NBC's owned-and-operated television station in Los Angeles (originally KNBH, now KNBC). KCRA-TV inherited the NBC affiliation from KCCC-TV (channel 40, channel now occupied by KTXL), which became the Sacramento market's first television station when it signed on in September 1953, which had also carried affiliations with ABC, CBS and DuMont until other stations debuted in the market. However, it in turn, it also received the affiliation as a result of KCRA-AM's decade-long affiliation with the NBC Red Network. In 1959, under the direction of then chief engineer, Wm. Herbert Hartman, construction began on a new 1,549-foot transmission tower near Walnut Grove to transmit the signals of KCRA-TV, KXTV and KOVR; the tower was completed in 1961. Upon the death of KCRA co-founder Ewing C. Kelly in 1960, son Bob Kelly (who was KCRA's station manager, commercial manager and film buyer) became president of KCRA, Inc., while son Jon Kelly (who served as its local sales manager) was named general manager. In January 1962, KCRA-TV began transmitting its signal from the Walnut Grove tower, which became the tallest structure in the state. In April of that year, the FCC approved the sale of the Hansen brothers' 50% share of the KCRA stations to Bob, Jon and their mother Nina Kelly; the company then changed its name to Kelly Broadcasting Company. In September 1968, KCRA-FM's call letters were changed to KCTC. The radio stations were sold to the Tribune Company in September 1977, with the sale being finalized in July 1978; KCRA-AM changed its calls to KGNR in August of that year. In 1965, the station began using color film for use in its newscasts. A station press release at that time claimed that KCRA was the first station in Sacramento with videotape, the first NBC affiliate with "network color" programming, and the first station to utilize color film, slide and videotape footage. Starting in 1975, it began using remote cameras for live news reports. The station eventually began using helicopters and satellite remotes for newsgathering. On September 10, 1966, Bob Wilkins began hosting a Saturday night horror movie showcase called ''Seven Arts Theatre''; Wilkins later moved his show to KTXL, and then to KTVU in Oakland in the 1970s. Harry Geise was hired by KCRA as its main weatherman in the mid-1960s. While he used information coming out of a weather bureau in Suitland, Maryland; his forecasts were accurate enough that almost every farmer in the Sacramento Valley listened to his forecasts. Through his weathercasts, he taught viewers about weather from "upper level devils" to looking out the window. On the scantest of data (weather bureaus, out the window, smell in the air and nut gatherers) but prior to satellite, Doppler weather radar, space weather, home weather stations, and little local information – Giese could look globally and give weather forecasts as far out as six weeks or six months. By the mid-1970s, KCRA established news bureaus throughout the state, began producing its own public affairs programming, and initiated a consumer affairs division to answer the needs of concerned consumers. From 1991 to 1993, KCRA (later to be joined by KRON-TV and KPIX in San Francisco) participated in an experiment in which primetime programming would air one hour earlier (from 7 to 10 p.m., mirroring typical network scheduling in the Central, Mountain and Hawaii Time Zones, instead of the standard 8 to 11 p.m. slot for Pacific Time Zone stations). The "early prime" idea led to only a slight decrease in KCRA's ratings, and its 10 p.m. newscast remained the highest-rated late local news program on the West Coast. A station survey showed that 63% of viewers thought a 10 p.m. newscast was a good idea. However, pressure from NBC, who threatened to yank the station's affiliation, forced KCRA to end the practice and revert to the time zone's standard primetime scheduling, announcing its demise a week after KRON-TV discontinued the experiment.〔Benson, Jim. ("KCRA dumps early prime" ), ''Variety'', August 11, 1993.〕 KOVR (channel 13) would itself switch to an early primetime schedule two years later after switching to CBS. Like other local stations, KCRA developed an in-house production facility, with local children's programming, newsmagazines and talk shows. By the beginning of the 21st century, KCRA became the first station in the Sacramento market to broadcast programming in high-definition. Kelly Broadcasting continued to own and operate KCRA-TV until January 1999, when it was purchased by Hearst-Argyle Television (which was renamed Hearst Television in 2009).〔Abate, Tom. (Hearst to Buy KCRA-TV, Affiliates in Sacramento ), ''San Francisco Chronicle'', August 22, 1998.〕 In early 2004, KCRA opened an exhibit, "The KCRA 3 Experience", at the Arden Fair Mall, allowing visitors to see a KCRA newscast be produced live. KCRA's noon newscast was broadcast from the complex until late 2008 when production of the program was moved back to the 3 Television Circle studios.〔 〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「KCRA-TV」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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