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KM3NeT
KM3NeT, an acronym for Cubic Kilometre Neutrino Telescope, is a future European research infrastructure that will be located at the bottom of the Mediterranean Sea. It will host the next-generation neutrino telescope in the form of a water Cherenkov detector with an instrumented volume of about five cubic kilometres distributed over three locations in the Mediterranean: KM3NeT-Fr (off-shore Toulon, France), KM3NeT-It (off-shore Portopalo di Capo Passero, Sicily, Italy) and KM3NeT-Gr (off-shore Pylos, Peloponnese, Greece).
KM3NeT will search for neutrinos from distant astrophysical sources like supernova remnants, gamma-ray bursts, supernovae or colliding stars and will be a powerful tool in the search for dark matter in the universe. Its prime objective is to detect neutrinos from sources in our galaxy. Arrays of thousands of optical sensor modules will detect the faint light in the deep sea from charged particles originating from collisions of the neutrinos and the water or rock in the vicinity of the detector. The research infrastructure will also house instrumentation for other sciences like marine biology, oceanography and geophysics for long-term and on-line monitoring of the deep-sea environment and the sea bottom at depth of several kilometres.
Once completed, the KM3NeT research infrastructure will consists of seven large subdetectors. Six of these will indeed form the telescope searching neutrino-sources. The seventh subdetector will be optimised to measure the properties of the neutrino itself. In that sense, the latter detector is a neutrino particle physics detector.
== Design ==
The full neutrino telescope will contain on the order of 12000 pressure-resistant glass spheres attached to about 600 strings – vertical structures with a height of almost one kilometer. The particle physics detector KM3NeT/ORCA will be more compact: about 115 strings with a height of about 150 m supporting about 2000 glass spheres with optical sensors. Each glass sphere will contain 31 photomultiplier tubes and will be connected to shore via a high-bandwidth optical network. At the shore of each KM3NeT installation site, a farm of computers will perform the first data filter in the search for the signal of cosmic neutrinos, prior to streaming the data to a central KM3NeT data centre for storage and further analysis by the KM3NeT scientists.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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