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Qabb Ilyas ((アラビア語:قب الياس); ALA-LC: ''Qab Ilyās'' / Lebanese Arabic: ) also spelled ''Kab Elias'', ''Qab Elias'', ''Qob Elias'', ''Qoub Elias'') is a municipality in Zahle District, in eastern Lebanon. Qabb Ilyas is 15 kilometers from Zahleh and from the Lebanese capital Beirut. Its average elevations is above sea level. Its area is approximately 32 km².〔http://www.kabelias.org/Info.aspx〕 Qabb Ilyas is the third largest city in the Beqaa Valley, after Zahleh and Baalbek in terms of area size and geography. The majority of the residents are Sunni Muslims.〔 ==History== According to the 19th-century Lebanese historian Haydar al-Shihabi, the town was originally called al-Muruj. Local tradition holds that its current name "Qabb Ilyas" derived from ''Qabr Ilyas'' ("grave of Ilyas"), but was shortened over time to ''Qab Ilyas''. Ilyas was 8th-century ''muqaddam'' from Mount Lebanon, who was killed by the forces of Abbasid governor of Damascus while raiding the Beqaa Valley. In the late 16th century, the Bedouin chieftain of the Beqaa Valley, Mansur ibn Furaykh, used Qabb Ilyas as one of his headquarters. He had a palatial home built in the village. Two years after his execution in Damascus by the Ottoman authorities in December 1593, the Druze sheikh Ali Jumblatt took over the Beqaa Valley during his rebellion against the governor of Damascus Eyalet. During this rebllion, Mansur's home was seized by the Druze Ma'ani emir, Fakhr ad-Din II, who refused to restore it to Mansur's brother Murad ibn Furaykh despite an imperial Ottoman decree. The sons of Mansur, Nasrallah and Muhammad, continued to struggle for control of the property during Fakhr ad-Din's exile as the Shia Harfushi sheikh Yunus al-Harfush took possession of the home.〔Abu Husayn, pp. 132-133.〕 The Ma'an dynasty built a formidable fortress in Qabb Ilyas that later emirs of Lebanon commissioned during times of rebellion against the Ottomans.〔 Sayyid-Ahmad Shihab occupied Qabb Ilyas in 1773 and robbed a group of Damascene merchants there, for which he was condemned and evicted from the area by his brother Emir Yusuf Shihab.〔Harris, p. 122.〕 In the mid-1820s, the Ottoman wali of Damascus, Darwish Pasha, defeated Emir Bashir Shihab II and proceeded to demolish most of what remained of the Fakhr ad-Din Castle. He then assigned a Muslim from Aleppo-based Araqtanji family to govern Qabb Ilyas.〔Mishaqah, p. 136.〕 During the 1860 Druze–Maronite war, the Druze used Qabb Ilyas, which at the time was a religiously mixed village, as their local headquarters in the Beqaa Valley and it withstood a raid by fighters from nearby Christian stronghold Zahle.〔Fawaz, p. 66.〕 During the French military intervention in the conflict, the French Army occupied Qabb Ilyas and maintained a military force there to guard the Beqaa and southern Mount Lebanon.〔Fawaz, pp. 124-125.〕 As the conflict was coming to an end, the Ottomans stationed an army garrison at Qabb Ilyas after the French withdrawal.〔Fawaz, p. 179.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Qabb Ilyas」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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