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A kaftan or caftan (Arabic: قفطان ''qaftân'') is a variant of the robe or tunic, versions of which have been worn by several cultures around the world for thousands of years. The kaftan is often worn as a coat or overdress, usually reaching to the ankles, with long sleeves. It can be made of wool, cashmere, silk, or cotton, and may be worn with a sash. The caftan is of ancient Mesopotamian origin, which was worn by many middle-eastern ethnic groups. Through its dissemination and evolution, the kaftan has acquired different styles, purposes, and names depending on the culture. In many regions with a warm climate, the kaftan is worn as a light-weight, loose-fitting garment. The kaftan has served as a symbol of royalty in some cultures and as a symbol of marriage in others during some parts of history. ==Ottoman kaftan== Kaftans were worn by the Ottoman sultans in the Ottoman Empire. The decorations, including the colours, patterns, ribbons, and buttons, indicated the rank of the person to whom they were presented. From the 14th century through 17th centuries, textiles with large patterns were used. The decorative patterns on the fabrics became both smaller and brighter in the late 16th and in the 17th centuries. By the second half of the 17th century, the most precious fabrics were those with 'yollu': vertical stripes with various embroideries and small patterns, the so-called "Selimiye" fabrics. Most fabrics manufactured in Turkey were made in Istanbul and Bursa, but some textiles came from as far away as Venice, Genoa, Persia (Iran), India and even China. Kaftans were made from velvet, ''aba'', ''bürümcük'' (a type of crepe with a silk warp and cotton weft), ''canfes'', ''çatma'' (a heavy silk brocade), ''gezi'', ''diba'' (Persian ), ''hatayi'', ''kutnu'', ''kemha'', ''seraser'' (Persian ) (brocade fabric with silk warp and gold or silver metallic thread weft), ''serenk'', ''zerbaft'' (Persian ), ''tafta'' (Persian ). Favoured colours were indigo blue, kermes red, violet, ''pişmis ayva'' or "cooked quince", and weld yellow. The Topkapi Palace Museum in Istanbul possesses a large collection of Ottoman kaftans and textiles. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Kaftan」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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