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Kaiserjäger
The ''Kaiserjäger'' (officially designated by the Imperial and Royal (''k.u.k.'') military administration as the ''Tiroler Jäger-Regimenter''〔The title ''Kaiserjäger'' – literally "emperor's hunters", but meaning "emperor's rifles" – was an honorary nickname and not part of the language of the military chancellery. The unit's official designation was ''k.u.K. (1.–4.) Tiroler Jägerregiment'', i.e. "1st – 4th Imperial and Royal Tyrolean Rifle Regiment". Nevertheless the name ''Kaiserjäger'' gained increasing popularity in everyday speech, so that it was and still is universally and solely used.〕 or "Tyrolean Rifle Regiments"), were formed in 1895 as four normal infantry regiments within the Common Army of Austria-Hungary. Despite the name "Tirol" in its title its members were not just recruited from the crown land of Tyrol〔Trient, now Trento in Italy, also belonged to the County of Tyrol at that time〕 (including Vorarlberg) but also from other parts of the monarchy.〔In various sources the percentage of Tyroleans (including people from Trentino) and Vorarlbergers is stated as at or over 90%. But as the First World War dragged on, casualty replacements could only be ensured by drawing on other parts of the monarchy.〕 The regiments were disbanded in 1918 with the end of the k.u.k. monarchy. The word ''Jäger'' (meaning "hunter" or "huntsman") is a characteristic term used for light infantry or light infantrymen in German-speaking military context.
== Background ==
The first standing troops in the Tyrol were the native Tyrolese soldiers of the Tyrolean State Battalion (') formed in 1703. This was superseded in 1745 by the Tyrolean Field and State Regiment (''Tiroler Feld- und Landregiment''), which was given the status and prerogatives of an imperial regiment and went under the regimental number 46. Due to the political situation during the Napoleonic era, the regiment was permanently station in Veneto – still Austrian at that time – in 1801, which is why it lost its original name.
As its successor in Tyrol, the 64th Tyrolean Rifles (''Tiroler Jägerregiment Nr. 64'') was established, based on a Tyrolean rifle corps and the battalion of ''Kurzschen Jäger'' ("Kurzsch Rifles"). When Tyrol fell to the Kingdom of Bavaria in 1805, the name Tyrolean Rifles was withdrawn. After the return of Tyrol to the Austrian Empire in 1814, the reorganization of a Tyrolean rifle corps was immediately begun. Initially it consisted of one battalion, but was later expanded to three. The inhaber of the Rifles was Field Marshal Franz Philipp Fenner von Fenneberg (1762–1824), which resulted in the contemporary title of ''Fennerjäger''.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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