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Kalfa
Kalfa (Turkish for "apprentice, assistant master") was a general term in the Ottoman Empire, for the women attendants and supervisors in service in the palace. Novice girls had to await promotion to the rank of Kalfa.〔 It was a rank below that of ''Usta'' ("master"), the title of the leading administrative/supervisory officers of the harem. The titles usta and kalfa belong to the terminology of Ottoman guild organization and other hierarchically organized corporate bodies. Officially slaves or service girls, depending on their rank these women could wield considerable authority and influence in their duties and were generally treated with much respect by lower ranking attendants in the harem as well as by members of the imperial family.〔
==Imperial kalfas==
The kalfas in personal service to the monarch were called ''Hünkür Kalfaları'' (Turkish for "Imperial Kalfas").〔 The ''Hazinedar'' (Turkish for "treasurer") were the high ranking chamberlain kalfas charged with supervisory duties in the harem.〔 Also known as ''Usta'', they ranked above ordinary kalfas and included in their number the Hünkür Kalfaları.〔 Their head, the Hazinedar Usta or High Hazinedar, occupied the second highest position in harem service, immediately below the Lady Steward.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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