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Heraklion (, (ギリシア語:Ηράκλειο), ''Irákleio'', ) is the largest city and the administrative capital of the island of Crete, Greece. It is one of the largest cities in Greece. According to the results of the 2011 census, the population of the city was 173,993 inhabitants while the Heraklion urban area has a population of 225,574 and it extends over an area of . Heraklion is the capital of Heraklion regional unit. The Bronze Age palace of Knossos, also known as the Palace of Minos, is located nearby. == Names == The Arab raiders from Andalusia (Iberia) who founded the Emirate of Crete moved the island's capital from Gortyna to a new castle they called ''(unicode:rabḍ al-ḫandaq)'' 'Castle of the Moat' in the 820s.〔''Encyclopaedia of Islam'', ''s.v.'' Iķrīṭish〕 This was hellenized as Χάνδαξ (''Khándax'') or Χάνδακας (''Khándakas'') and Latinized as ''Candia'', which was taken into other European languages: in Italian and Latin as ''Candia'', in French as ''Candie'', in English as ''Candy'', all of which could refer to the island of Crete as a whole as well as to the city alone; the Ottoman name was ''Kandiye''. After the Byzantine reconquest, the city was locally known as ''Megalo Kastro'' (, 'Big Castle' in Greek) or Castro and its inhabitants were called Kastrinoi or Castrini ('castle-dwellers' in Greek). The ancient name Ηράκλειον was revived in the 19th century〔it was in use by the local people by 1867, see Samuel Gridley Howe, ''The Cretan refugees and their American helpers'', 1867 ()〕 and comes from the nearby Roman port of Heracleum ("Heracles's city"), whose exact location is unknown. English usage formerly preferred the classicizing transliterations "Heraklion" or "Heraclion", but the form "Iraklion" is becoming more common. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Heraklion」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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