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List of Ottoman titles and appellations
This is a list of titles and appellations used in the Ottoman Empire. In place of surnames, Muslims in the Empire carried titles such as "Pasha", "Hoca", "Bey", "Hanım", "Efendi", etc. These titles either defined their formal profession (such as Pasha, Hoca, etc.) or their informal status within the society (such as Bey, Hanım, Efendi, etc.).
==Usage by Ottoman royalty==
The sovereigns' main titles were Khan, Sultan, and Padishah; which were of Turkic, Arabic and Persian origin, respectively. His full style was the result of a long historical accumulation of titles expressing the empire's rights and claims as successor to the various states it annexed or subdued. Beside these imperial titles, "Caesar" of Rome (''Kayser-i Rûm'') was among the important titles claimed by Sultan Mehmed II after the conquest of Constantinople.
A late version translates as: Sultan (given name) Khan, Sovereign of the House of Osman, Sultan of Sultans, Khan of Khans, Commander of the Faithful and Successor of the Prophet of the Lord of the Universe, Protector of the Holy Cities of Mecca, Medina and Jerusalem, Emperor of The Three Cities of Constantinople, Andrinopole and Bursa, and of the Cities of Damascus and Cairo, of all Azerbaijan, of the Magris, of Barka, of Kairuan, of Aleppo, of Arabic Iraq and of Ajim, of Basra, of El Hasa, of Dilen, of Raka, of Mosul, of Parthia, of Diyarbakır, of Cicilia, of the Vilayets of Erzurum, of Sivas, of Adana, of Karaman, Van, of Barbary, of Abyssinia, of Tunisia, of Tripoli, of Damascus, of Cyprus, of Rhodes, of Candia, of the Vilayet of the Morea, of the Marmara Sea, the Black Sea and also its coasts, of Anatolia, of Rumelia, Baghdad, Kurdistan, Greece, Turkistan, Tartary, Circassia, of the two regions of Kabarda, of Georgia, of the plain of Kypshak, of the whole country of the Tartars, of Kefa and of all the neighbouring countries, of Bosnia and its dependencies, of the City and Fort of Belgrade, of the Vilayet of Serbia, with all the castles, forts and cities, of all Albania, of all Iflak and Bogdania, as well as all the dependencies and borders, and many other countries and cities.
The Heir Apparent was styled in full: Daulatlu Najabatlu Valiahd-i Saltanat Şehzade-i Javanbahd + (name ) + Effendi Hazratlari, i.e. Crown Prince, with the style of His Imperial Highness. Other Male descendants of a Sovereign in the male line: Daulatlu Najabatlu Şehzade Sultan + (name ) + Hazratlari Effendi, i.e. Prince (given name) Effendi, with the style of His Imperial Highness. The husbands of Imperial Princesses: Damad-i Shahriyari (given name) Bey Effendi, the latter, only if not possessed of a higher rank or title, with the style of His Highness. The sons of Imperial Princesses: Sultanzada (given name) Bey-Effendi, i.e. Prince, with the style of His Highness. The daughters of Imperial Princesses: (given name) Hanimsultan, i.e. Princess,with the style of Her Highness. The grandsons of Imperial Princesses merely: (given name) Bey. The granddaughters of Imperial Princesses merely: (given name) Hanim.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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