|
Karhade (also written as Karada, Karhāḍā, Karhāḍe) Brahmins (Marathi: कऱ्हाडे/कराडे) are a predominantly Pancha Dravida Brahmin sub-group, who speak Marathi and to a lesser extent Kannada, Malayalam In isolated pockets in Northern Kerala and Southern Konkan a few Karhāḍā families still speak the old Karhāḍi dialect of Marathi which, though lexically similar to its parent languages, is heavily influenced by Dravidian languages such as Tulu, Kannada and Malayalam. == Etymology and Origin == The hypotheses about the origins of the Karhāḍe brāhmaṇs are varied; some of the most common ones which have been documented are as follows: - There is evidence that during the Chalukya sovereignty over the Deccan during the 10th and 11th centuries, settled Brahmins in the Konkan and Goa regions. The exact origin of these Brahmins is unclear, however at least in one copper-plate grant (found with the Phansalkar Khot family of Terwan) by a Chalukya king to a group of 19 Brahmins settled near Rajapur, there is mention that these Brahmins, as one of their sacerdotal activities would be responsible for creating and maintaining orchards - called Karhataks, in the region surrounding the Vimaleshwar temple. The purpose of these Karhataks, being sustenance of the temple and its occupants, and also growing the flora required for yajna and homa rituals. Similar copper plate grants have been found with other Karhāḍā families in southern Konkan. The Bombay gazette complied by the British contains transcripts of many such copper plates, which are now available for public research. - It is characteristic of Karhāḍā habitats in Rajapur, Goa and Kasaragodu, to have Durga temples on four corners of their domain, the domain traditionally contained well engineered orchards (Karhataks) also called Kulagar in Goa. Even today many Karhāḍā are actively involved in horticulture. priesthood and temple related activities. - In the Introduction in Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum Vol. 6,〔https://archive.org/details/corpusinscriptio014678mbp〕 the author, Dr. Vasudev Vishnu Mirashi, has given the etymology of the name of the modern-day town of Karad. During the rule of the Sinda and Shilāhāra Kings at Karad (9th-12th century A.D.), the town was known by the name karahāta, or करहाट. The Shilāhāra rulers of karahāta maintained the practice of appending the prefix "Lord of karahāta", or करहाटपति, to their royal names. This is corroborated with the information about the Shilāhāra kings found in the Vikramānkadevacharita of the Kashmiri poet Bilhana, wherein they are referred to in the singular as karahāta-pati, or "lord of करहाट". The Sinda Kings used the prefix करहाटपुरवराधीश्वर, implying more or less the same meaning. In the section "Religious condition" as well as elsewhere in the same chapter, historical references to the karhāde brāhmaṇas find mention. In the copper-plates of the Shilāhāra kings, they were referred to in the plural as करहाटकाः, meaning "hailing from karahāta" or "residents of karahāta". The "कः" suffix was used in the same sense as the modern-day suffix "-kar" used in scores of Marathi surnames. Parashuram Krishna Gode, in "Studies in Indian Cultural History Vol. 3" 〔https://archive.org/details/StudiesInIndianCulturalHistoryVolume3〕 has published an essay "The Origin and Antiquity of the Caste-name of the Karahāṭaka or Karhāḍā Brahmins" which has various references for the etymology of the word "karhade", references to the practice of calling Karhāḍe braahmans "Karhāḍe" ''because'' they originate from Karad and other historical references. Traditionally the Karhāḍā Brahmins in close association with the Rajapur Gaud Saraswat and Naik Maratha communities, were involved in horticultural activities and were pioneers in ground water cultivation and irrigation techniques. Like the Havyaka of Karnataka, the Karhāḍe have been involved in Betelnut cultivation and other horticultural activities surrounding the temples. These orchards originally called Karhatak, can still be found in the Konkan and are called Kulagar in Goa. Most modern Karhāḍe share their gotra with other Brahmins of the sub-continent. It is not known how the various Brahmin tribes with such diverse origins came to inherit the same paternal lineages. The Gotra system may have been philosophical/ideological at its roots rather than the popular belief that it indicates genealogical origins. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Karhade Brahmin」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|