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The Karlal (Urdu کرڑال also known as ''Kard'al'', ''Karaal'', ''Karhral'', or ''Kiraal'') is a Hindko speaking tribe in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A part of the tribe is also bilingual in Pashtu and Hindko. The tribe lives in the Abbottabad , Haripur districts, and are the native as well as the dominant tribe in the hilly areas of Galyat. ==History== There are mixed views on the tribe's history. Today, however, in Haripur and Abbottabad, they are known as 'Sardars' (leaders). This is because prior to the time of the Delhi Sultanate (1206–1296) they were among the area's original 'sardars'. Although the Sardari system is now obsolete, the name persist due to usage by local people, including other tribes who refer to Karlals as sardars. The Karlal are mentioned both in the census reports of Ibbetson and Rose as well as in the Hazara District Gazetteers of 1884, 1907 and others, compiled during British rule.They are extensively distributed in hilly areas of Abbottabad District known as Gallies or Galyat. As per 'Wajab Ul Arz' of 1874 compiled by British authorities, the Karlal tribe throughout history tried to retain their independence. In 1822 Ranjit Singh sent a large force under General Amar Singh Majitha, which was defeated by the Karlals, killing Amar Singh. 〔()〕 From 1822 to 1845 the Karlal tribe fought many battles with Sikhs and was able to retain its independence throughout the Sikh period. 〔()〕 In 1844 Lahore Darbar sent a large force under Diwan Mulraj and Hari Singh to subdue the Karlal country. Taking advantage of the terrain, the Karlals were able to defeat the Sikh army at Nah, killing more than 150 Sikh soldiers. Despite of the Sikh Empire holding parts of lower Hazara, including some Karlal territory, the Karlal tribe paid no tribute to the Sikh Empire and remained Independent. 〔()〕 After the fall of the Sikh Empire, the British colonial forces had partial control over some parts of Karlal territory. During the Murree rebellion of 1857 ,the Karlal tribe tried to revolt against the rule of the East India Company, however, the British were able to imprison the Karlal chief, and many mutineers of this tribe were hanged along with some Dhund tribesmen. 〔()〕 〔()〕 During the Pakistan movement, the tribe pledged support towards the formation of Pakistan by supporting a notable Karlal, Mohammad Abdul Ghafoor Hazarvi who was a staunch supporter of Mohammad Ali Jinnah and campaigned for him in his home province of North West Frontier Province as well as Punjab. 〔()〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Karlal」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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