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}} The Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti ((グルジア語:ქართლ-კახეთის სამეფო)) (1762–1801〔 〕 or 1801〔(Encyclopædia Britannica, "Treaty of Georgievsk", 2008, retrieved 2008-6-16 )〕) was created in 1762 by the unification of two eastern Georgian kingdoms, the Kingdom of Kartli and the Kingdom of Kakheti, which had existed independently since the disintegration of the united Georgian Kingdom in the 15th century. From the early 16th century, and confirmed in 1555 by the Peace of Amasya, both kingdoms came and remained under intermittent Iranian rule, until 1747 when due to the death of Nader Shah, both kingdoms under the energetic king Erekle II, declared de facto independence and were unified. Erekle was able, after centuries of intermittent Iranian rule over Georgia, to guarantee the autonomy over the recently created unified kingdom throughout the chaos in Iran that erupted following the kings death there, and as well throughout the entire Zand period. In 1783, he signed the Treaty of Georgievsk, by which he would formally lay Georgia's investiture in the hands of the Russian Tsar, as well as having the nominal guarantee for protection against new Iranian attempts, or any others, to (re)conquer or attack Georgia. By the 1790s, a new strong Iranian dynasty had emerged under Agha Mohammad Khan, who founded the Qajar dynasty of Iran, which would prove pivotal in the history of the short-lived kingdom. In the next few years, having secured mainland Iran, the new Iranian king straightly set out to reconquer the Caucasus and bring it back within the Iranian domains. Upon formal demanding of Erekle to denounce the treaty with Russia and to voluntarily reaccept Iranian suzerainty in return for peace and prosperity for his kingdom, which Erekle refused, he subsequently invaded Kartli-Kakheti, capturing and sacking Tbilisi, effectively bringing it back under Iranian rule. The following years which were spent in muddling and confusion, ended in 1801 with the official annexation of the kingdom by Alexander I within the Russian Empire during the nominal ascension of Erekle's son Giorgi XI to the Georgian throne. Following the Russo-Persian War (1804-1813), Iran officially ceded the kingdom to Russia, marking the start of a Russian-centred chapter in Georgian history. ==History== Historically, Kartli was the dominant province in Georgia, but at that time, it was weakened by Iranian military invasions more than its neighboring kingdom from the east. Therefore, the Kings of Kakheti became the rulers of the new kingdom and Telavi, the capital of Kakheti, the capital of the new state. The unification did not deter the Persian Empire, now under the Qajar dynasty, from bringing it fully back within the Iranian domains, which it had spent intermittently since the early 16th century. Seeking protection from these attacks, in 1783 King Irakli (Erekle) II concluded the Treaty of Georgievsk with Russia, resulting in the transfer of responsibility for defense and foreign affairs in the eastern kingdom,〔 as well as importantly, officially abjuring any dependence on Iran or any other power. However, despite these large concessions made to Russia, Erekle II was successful in retaining internal autonomy in his kingdom.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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