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''Strobilanthes callosa'' Nees〔(Taxon: Strobilanthes callosus Nees ); United States Department of Agriculture (USDA); Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Area; Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN)〕 ''(Synonym: Carvia callosa (Nees) Bremek)''〔 is a shrub found mainly in the low hills of the western ghats all along the west coast of India.〔(Flower that takes years to bloom ); by Prachi Pinglay; At Mumbai; BBC News〕 Its standardized Hindi language name is Maruadona (मरुआदोना)〔K.P.Sagreiya and Balwant Singh:Botanical and Standardised Hindi Names of Important and Common Forest Plants of Madhya Pradesh, Gwalior Government Regional Press, 1958. Also see: Flora of Madhya Pradesh〕 by which it is called in the state of Madhya Pradesh where it is also found. In the state of Maharashtra in the Marathi language〔 and other local dialects and in the neighboring state of Karnataka〔(THE KARNATAKA FOREST MANUAL ); 1976; Government of Karnataka, India. Pdf: ()〕 the shrub is locally known as Karvi,〔〔〔〔〔Sharfuddin Khan, M. D. ''Forest flora of Hyderabad State. AP Forest Division, India; 1953.'' Available online at the Official website of the state of Andhra Pradesh Forest Department: (). Accessed on 23 January 2010〕〔WORKING PLAN REPORT UC-NRLF ANKOLA HIGH FOREST BLOCKS XXIV & XXV BY E. S. PEAESON, I. F. S., F. L. S., Deputy Conservator of Forests, WORKING PLANS, S. C. 1908- BOMBAY. PRINTED AT THE GOVERNMENT CENTRAL PRESS 1910. Available online at (). Accessed 25 January 2010〕 sometimes spelled in English as Karvy.〔〔 This shrub belongs to the genus ''Strobilanthes'' which was first scientifically described by Nees in the 19th century.〔 The genus has around 350 species, of which at least 46 are found in India. Most of these species show an unusual flowering behaviour, varying from annual to 16-year blooming cycles, on the national scale there is often confusion about which plant is flowering.〔(Kurinji crown - The Palni Hills are once again witnessing the mass flowering of neelakurinji. ); TEXT & PHOTOGRAPHS by IAN LOCKWOOD; Volume 23 - Issue 17 :: Aug. 26-Sep. 08, 2006; Frontline Magazine; INDIA'S NATIONAL MAGAZINE from the publishers of THE HINDU〕 ==Description== It is a large shrub, sometimes attaining 6–20 ft in height and 2 inches in diameter〔 and flowers between July and September but what makes it most famous is that it takes nearly a decade for the bloom cycle to happen.〔 Its leaves are home to several insects including caterpillars and snails〔 which feed on it. The shrub has an interesting life cycle, it comes alive green every year with the coming of Monsoon, but once the rainy season is over, all that is left is dry and dead-looking stems. This pattern repeats itself for seven years, but in the eighth year the plant bursts into mass flowering.〔(City gears for lavender Karvi’s once-in-eight-years bloom ); by Nitya Kaushik; At Mumbai; Aug 12, 2008; The Indian Express Newspaper〕〔(Nature lovers on the Karvy trail ); At Mumbai; TNN, 22 September 2008; The Times of India〕〔The Karvy blooms; By Shantanu Chhaya; 24 July 2000; Bombay Edition: Bombay Times; Times of India Supplement. A copy of this original Newspaper article is posted online at "mumbai-central.com": ()〕 Plants that bloom at long intervals like ''Strobilanthes callosus'' are known as plietesials, the term plietesial has been used in reference to perennial ''monocarpic'' plants “of the kind most often met with in the ''Strobilanthinae''” (a subtribe of ''Acanthaceae'' containing ''Strobilanthes'' and allied genera) that usually grow gregariously, flower simultaneously following a long interval, set seed, and die. Other commonly used expressions or terms which apply to part or all of the plietesial life history include gregarious flowering, mast seeding, and supra-annual synchronized semelparity (semelparity = monocarpy).〔Daniel, Thomas F. 2006. (Synchronous Flowering and Monocarpy Suggest Plietesial Life History forNeotropical Stenostephanus chiapensis(Acanthaceae). ) PROCEEDINGS OF THE CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. Fourth Series. Volume 57, No. 38, pp. 1011–1018, 1 fig. December 28, 2006〕 In 1953 Sharfuddin Khan describing the plant in the former Hyderabad State wrote: In 1956 during the Reorganisation of the Indian States based along linguist lines, the above-mentioned state of Hyderabad was split up between Andhra Pradesh, Bombay state (later divided into states of Maharashtra and Gujarat in 1960 with the original portions of Hyderabad becoming part of the state of Maharashtra) and Karnataka. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Strobilanthes callosus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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