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Košice (, also known by other alternative names) is the biggest city in eastern Slovakia and in 2013 was the European Capital of Culture together with Marseille, France. It is situated on the river Hornád at the eastern reaches of the Slovak Ore Mountains, near the border with Hungary. With a population of approximately 240,000, Košice is the second largest city in Slovakia after the capital Bratislava. Being the economic and cultural centre of eastern Slovakia, Košice is the seat of the Košice Region and Košice Self-governing Region, the Slovak Constitutional Court, three universities, various dioceses, and many museums, galleries, and theatres. Košice is an important industrial centre of Slovakia, and the U.S. Steel Košice steel mill is the largest employer in the city. The town has extensive railway connections and an international airport. The city has a well-preserved historical centre, which is the largest among Slovak towns. There are many heritage protected buildings in Gothic, Renaissance, Baroque, and Art Nouveau styles with Slovakia's largest church: the St. Elisabeth Cathedral. The long main street, rimmed with aristocratic palaces, Catholic churches, and townsfolk's houses, is a thriving pedestrian zone with many boutiques, cafés, and restaurants. The city is well known as the first settlement in Europe to be granted its own coat-of-arms.〔Lucinda Mallows: (Slovakia: The Bradt Travel Guide ), Globe Pequot Press, Connecticut, 2007〕 ==Etymology== The first written mention of the city was in 1230 as "Villa Cassa". The Slovak name of the city comes from the Slavic personal name ''Koša'' with the patronymic Slavic suffix "-ice". The city may derive its name from Old Slovak ''kosa'', "clearing", related to modern Slovak ''kosiť'', "to reap". Though according to other sources the city name may derive from an old Hungarian〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Old Hungarian names )〕 first name which begins with "Ko".〔Magyar Nyelvtudományi Társaság (Society of Hungarian Linguistics), (Magyar nyelv, Volume 18 ), Akadémiai Kiadó, 1922, p. 142, Cited: "Kokos (Kakas), Kolumbán (Kálmán), Kopov (Kopó), Kokot (Kakat hn.) stb. Bármely ilyen Ko- szótagon kezdődő tulajdonnévnek lehet a Kosa a származéka. E Kosa szn. van nézetünk szerint Kassa (régen Kossa -=: Kosa) város nevében is/Kokos (Kakas), Kolumbán (Kálmán), Kopov (Kopó), Kokot (Kakat hn.) etc., any proper nouns that begin with 'Ko' syllable may have Kosa derivative, in the name of Kassa as well (it's old form Kossa, Kosa)"〕 Historically, the city has been known as ''Kaschau'' in German, ''Kassa'' in Hungarian, , ''Cassovia'' in Latin, ''Cassovie'' in French, ''Caşovia'' in Romanian, ''Кошице'' (''Košice'') in Russian, ''Koszyce'' in Polish and ''Kashau'' in Yiddish (see here for more names). Below is a chronology of the various names:〔''Vlastivedný Slovník Obcí na Slovensku'', VEDA, vydavateľstvo Slovenskej akadémie vied, Bratislava 1978.〕〔Milan Majtán (1998), ''Názvy Obcí Slovenskej republiky (Vývin v rokoch 1773-1997)'', VEDA, vydavateľstvo Slovenskej akadémie vied, Bratislava, ISBN 80-224-0530-2.〕〔Lelkes György (1992), ''Mayar Helységnév-Azonosító Szótár'', Balassi Kiadó, Budapest, ISBN 963-7873-00-7.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Košice」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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