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Kasimov ((ロシア語:Касимов); ;〔in local dialect it is pronounced ''ka-CHEEM''〕 historically Xankirmän,〔Ханкирмән, Хан-Кермень, means "Khan's fortress"〕 Gorodets Meshchyorsky, Novy Nizovoy) is a town in Ryazan Oblast, Russia, located on the left bank of the Oka River. Population: 17,000 (1910); of which about 2,000 speak Tatar language. ==History== The first population of this area was a Finnic tribe called the Meshchyora, later assimilated by Russians and Tatars. The town was founded in 1152 by the Vladimir-Suzdal ruler Yury Dolgoruky as Grodets, then Gorodets Meschyorsky (). It was included in the Mishar Yort division of the Golden Horde, but then was sold to Muscovy. In 1376, the town was destroyed by the Mongol invaders, but was soon rebuilt as ''Novy Nizovoy'' (). After the Battle of Suzdal in 1445 (in which Great Duke Vasili II was taken prisoner), the Meschyora lands were given to Olug Moxammat, Khan of Kazan Khanate as a ransom for the sovereign's life. In 1452, Great Duke Vasily II of the Grand Duchy of Moscow gave this town to Kazan prince Qasim khan, who served as ''tribute inspector'' of the Great Horde, but then came to Russian service. By other accounts, Qasim and his brother Yosif fled from Kazan after losing their bid for the throne against their brother Mäxmüd. After 1471, the town was known as ''Qasím city''. It remained the capital of Qasim Khanate until 1681 when the khanate was re-absorbed into Russia. A group of Tatars settled there in 15th century and are now known as Qasim Tatars. They speak the Mishar dialect, mixed with the Middle Tatar dialect of the Tatar language. In the 19th century, it became known for its waiters, who staffed many of the St Petersburg hotels.〔"Kasmiov" in the ''Encyclopæedia Britannica'' 11th ed., Vol. 15. 1911.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Kasimov」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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