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Kastellorizo or Castellorizo ((ギリシア語:Καστελλόριζο) - ''Kastellorizo'', officially Μεγίστη - ''Megísti'' or ''Meyísti'') is a Greek island and municipality located in the southeastern Mediterranean.〔Bertarelli, 131〕 It lies roughly off the south coast of Turkey, about southeast of Athens and east of Rhodes, almost halfway between Rhodes and Antalya and to Cyprus.〔 Kastellorizo is part of the Rhodes regional unit.〔(Kallikratis law ) Greece Ministry of Interior 〕 ==Name and etymology== The island's official name, ''Megisti'' (Μεγίστη) means "biggest" or "greatest", but at only in area, it is the smallest of the Dodecanese. The name, however, refers to the fact that it is the largest of the small archipelago.〔Bertarelli, 131〕 This name was used in antiquity,〔Strabo, ''Geographica'' 14.3.7 ()〕 but is now rarely used in Greek, the name ''Kastellórizo'' (Καστελλόριζο) being common since the twelfth century. There are several hypotheses about the origin of this name. "Kastello" derives from the Italian word "castello", meaning "castle".〔 There is some argument on the second part of the name. The arguments are centered on the following possible origins of the element ''rizo'': #''rizo'' being derived from the Italian word "rosso" meaning "red", either from the reddish color of the rocks of the island, or from the reddish color of the castle at sunset,〔 or from the color of the coat of arms of the Great Master of the Knights of Rhodes, Juan Fernandez de Heredia, which stood above the gate of the castle; these arguments are widely discredited as the rocks on the island do not contain any red pigment and the name Kastellorizo predates the arrival of the Knights.〔Bertarelli, 131〕 #''rizo'' being a corruption of the word "Rhoge", one of the ancient appellations of the nearby island of Ro. If this is correct, the island's modern name is actually an amalgam of the separate island names "Castello" and "Rhoge". #''rizo'' being the actual Greek word "rizon" meaning "root", as researched by Greek Historian I.M. Hatzifotis (1996), to signify the foothill or 'rizovouno' on which the island's original castle was built. 〔 It has gone by several different names in its history, including ''Kastellorizo'' (Greek), ''Castellorizo'' (Greek name with Italian spelling), ''Castelrosso'' (Italian, meaning "Red Castle"), ''Chateau Rouge'' (French translation of Italian name) and (トルコ語:Meis) or ''Kızılhisar'', the former deriving from the island's official name in Greek, the latter meaning "Red Castle", a translation of the Italian name. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Kastellorizo」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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