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Katamon ((アラビア語:قطمون), (ヘブライ語:קטמון), Arabic Katamun, Greek Katamonas) is a neighbourhood located geographically in south-central Jerusalem, and in political terms in West Jerusalem. The official Hebrew name, Gonen (), is only used in municipal publications. Katamon is derived from the Greek ''kata tōi monastēriōi'' ("under the monastery"). ==History== From the late 14th century, Katamon seem to have been identified with the home of Simeon from the Gospel of Luke,〔Pringle, 1998, pp. ( 166 )-167〕 the Jerusalemite who first recognised the infant Jesus as "the Lord's Christ", i.e. the promised Messiah (). In 1524, after the Ottoman Turks conquered the region from the Mamluks, it was reported that a church of St Simeon, previously held by the Georgians, was now empty in the wake of Muslim attacks.〔 In 1681 Cornelis de Bruijn made an engraving of Jerusalem, which suggested that there was a L-shaped four story high tower in Quatamon, confirming an early 17th century source which mentioned a "house and tower" of "Simeon the prophet".〔 The Greek Orthodox acquired the site in 1859 and in 1881 they built there a new church and residence for their Patriarch, incorporating the older ruins.〔 The Greek Orthodox call it "St. Symeon of Katamonas" and believe that it is built over the tomb of Simeon, with an inscription in a cave on the grounds interpreted to indicate that it was the tomb of Simeon's priestly forefathers.〔http://goisrael.com/Tourism_Eng/Tourist%20Information/Christian%20Themes/Details/Pages/St.%20Simeon%E2%80%99s%20Monastery%20chr.aspx〕 German aerial photographs taken during World War I show a grid of building lots demarcated by stones at Katamon. By 1914, a total of 5 homes had been built.〔 From 1924, building activity resumed, mostly by affluent Arab Christians, who built large mansions there. At the beginning of the 1948 Palestine war, the neighborhood was an Arab neighborhood between two Jewish neighborhoods, the only one in a line of Jewish neighborhoods. On the night of 5–6 January 1948, the Haganah bombed the Semiramis Hotel in Katamon, killing 24 or 26 people. During the war, attacks by the Arabic side originated from the Greek Orthodox Saint Simeon Monastery in Katamon that was located in a strategic point overlooking the Jewish neighborhoods. On April 28, as part of Operation Yevusi, during the battle over control of the monastery, Rafael Eitan, then a platoon commander, was shot in the head.〔 In her autobiography, Palestinian author Ghada Karmi describes growing up in Katamon, from which she and her father, linguist Hasan Karmi, and the rest of the family, fled in 1948 after fierce fighting broke out. Palestinian scholar and poet Khalil al-Sakakini and writer Sami Hadawi also left Katamon at this time. Al-Sakakini's daughter Hala wrote about revisiting the neighborhood in 1967.〔( ''Jerusalem and I'' ), Hala Sakakini〕 On September 17, 1948, UN Mediator Folke Bernadotte and UN Observer André Serot, were assassinated by members of the Jewish underground Lehi organisation while driving on Palmach Street in Katamon.〔 Ka 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Katamon」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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