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__NOTOC__ The ruins of the ancient Canaanite city of Kedesh are located 3 km northeast of the modern Kibbutz Malkiya in Israel on the Israeli-Lebanese border.〔Negev and Gibson, 2005, p. 278.〕 Kedesh was first documented in the Book of Joshua as a Canaanite citadel conquered by the Israelites under the leadership of Joshua. Ownership of Kedesh was turned over by lot to the tribe of Naphtali and subsequently, at the command of God, Kedesh was set apart by Joshua as a Levitical city and one of the Cities of Refuge along with Shechem and Kiriath Arba (Hebron) (). In the 8th century BCE, during the reign of Pekah king of Israel, Tiglath-Pileser III of Assyria took Kedesh and deported its inhabitants to Assyria. () Later, during the 5th century BCE, Kedesh may have become the capital for the Persian-controlled שמג Tyrian-administrated province of the Upper Galilee.〔Berlin, Andrea and Herbert, Sharon (2005). "Life and Death on the Israel-Lebanon Border". Biblical Archaeology Review 31 (5), 34-43.〕 In 259 BCE Kedesh was mentioned by Zenon, a traveling merchant from Egypt.〔Papyrus Cairo Zenon I 59.004〕 Between 145 BCE and 143 BCE, Kedesh (Cades) was overthrown by Jonathan Maccabeus in his fight against Seleucid king Demetrius II Nikator.〔1 Maccabees 11:63-74 (text) 〕〔Antiquities of the Jews 13.154-62; The Wars of the Jews 2.459, 4.104.〕 It remains abandoned. From 1997 to 2012, Tel Kedesh was excavated by a team from the University of Michigan's Kelsey Museum of Archaeology in conjunction with the University of Minnesota,〔http://www.lsa.umich.edu/kelsey/fieldwork/currentfieldwork/telkedeshisrael〕 focusing in 2010 and 2012 on the Persian and Hellenistic Administrative Building. ==Other== In the Book of Judges, the great oak tree in Zaanaim is stated to be near Kedesh, though this verse could be a reference to a second Tel Kedesh, located 3 km to the south of Megiddo, within the territory of the Israelite tribe of Issachar. () 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Kedesh」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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