|
The Karai (also ''Karāʾi, Qarāʾi, Qaraei, Qarā Tātār'') or "Black Tatars" are a small Turkic-speaking group in Iran, mostly found in Khorasan. ==Origins== Their name may ultimately derive from the Kereʾit, a Turco-Mongol tribe participating in the Mongol invasion of the 13th century, but their name (meaning "black") may also be connected to those of various other Central Asian groups.〔G. Németh, A Hongfoglaló Magyarság Kialakulása, Budapest, 1930, 264-68, cited after Oberling (2002).〕 Malcolm (1829) thought the Karai of Persia "had come from Tartary with Timur".〔J. Malcolm, ''The History of Persia'', 2 vols., London, 1829.〕 Under Safavid Nader Shah (r. 1736–1747), they were settled in Khorasan. Before that time, the Karai seem also to have been found in Azerbaijan. Adam Olearius, who traveled in Azerbaijan in 1638, mentions ''Karai'' as one of the tribes of Mogan. "Black" (''qara'') was a frequently used tribal identifier among the early Turkic peoples, and there are numerous, not necessarily related, Turkic groups known by this colour adjective. * The "Black Tatars" (''Hei T'a-t'a'' 黑韃靼) are a subdivision of the Rouran in Tang period Chinese sources. * The "black Tatars" (''chrnyih' Tatar' '') were the Tatar troops serving the First Bulgarian Empire.〔István Vásáry, ''Cumans and Tatars: Oriental Military in the Pre-Ottoman Balkans, 1185–1365'', Cambridge University Press, 2005, ( p. 112 )〕 * The Kara Tatars ruled as a dynasty in Crimea and Kazan under the name of Giray Dynasty from their capital Bakhchysarai until the Russian annexation of the Crimean Khanate in 1783. They also ruled in Kazan (Tatarstan) roughly between 1524 to 1551. * Khereid was a polity in 11th-century Central Asia absorbed into the Mongol Empire * The ''Kerey'' () are a Kazakh group of the Middle jüz. * The ''Karai'' ((タタール語:Къарай)) are a subgroup of the modern Volga Tatars. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Qaraei」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|