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Kerma (also known as Dukki Gel) was the capital city of the Kingdom of Kerma, which was located in present day Sudan at least 5,500 years ago. Kerma is one of the largest archaeological sites in ancient Nubia. It has produced decades of extensive excavations and research, including thousands of graves and tombs and the residential quarters of the main city surrounding the Western/Lower Deffufa. Around 3000 BC, a cultural tradition began around Kerma. It was a large urban center that was built around a large mud brick temple, known as the Western Deffufa. As a capital city and location of royal burials, it sheds light on the complex social structure present in this society. ==Settlement periods== * Pre-Kerma (c. 3500-2500BC) No C-Group Phase * Early Kerma (c. 2500-2050BC) C-Group Phase Ia-Ib * Middle Kerma (c. 2050-1750BC) C-Group Phase Ib-IIa * Classic Kerma (c. 1750-1580BC) C-Group Phase IIb-III * Final Kerma (c. 1580-1500BC) C-Group Phase IIb-III * Late Kerma – ‘New Kingdom’ (c.1500-1100?BC) ‘New Kingdom’ 〔Edwards, D. N. (2004). The Nubian Past: An Archaeology of the Sudan. London ; New York: Routledge.〕〔Bonnet, C., & et al. (1982). Les fouilles arhcaeologiques a Kerma (Soudan). Rapport preliminaire des campagnes de 1980-1981 et de 1981-1982. Genava, 30, 1–53.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Kerma」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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