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Khafra (also read as Khafre, Khefren and Chephren) was an ancient Egyptian king (pharaoh) of 4th dynasty during the Old Kingdom. He was the son of Khufu and the throne successor of Djedefre. According to the ancient historian Manetho Khafra was followed by king Bikheris, but according to archaeological evidences he was rather followed by king Menkaure. Khafra was the builder of the second largest pyramid of Giza. Some of the Egyptologists also credit him with the building of the Great Sphinx, but this is highly disputed. There is not much known about Khafra, except the historical reports of Herodotus, who describes him as a cruel and heretic ruler, who kept the Egyptian temples closed after Khufu had sealed them. ==Family== Khafra was a son of king Khufu and the brother and successor of Djedefre.〔 Khafra is thought by some to be the son of Queen Meritites I due to an inscription where he is said to honor her memory. ''Kings-wife, his beloved, devoted to Horus, Mertitytes.'' Others argue that the inscription just suggests that this queen died during the reign of Khafre.〔Grajetzki, Ancient Egyptian Queens: A Hieroglyphic Dictionary, Golden House Publications, London, 2005, ISBN 978-0-9547218-9-3〕 Khafre may be a son of Queen Henutsen instead.〔Tyldesley, Joyce. Chronicle of the Queens of Egypt. Thames & Hudson. 2006. ISBN 0-500-05145-3〕 Khafra had several wives and he had at least 12 sons and 3 or 4 daughters. * Queen Meresankh III was the daughter of Kawab and Hetepheres II and thus a niece of Khafra. She was the mother of Khafra's sons Nebemakhet, Duaenre, Niuserre and Khentetka, and a daughter named Shepsetkau. * Queen Khamerernebty I was the mother of Menkaure and his principal queen Khamerernebty II. * Hekenuhedjet was a wife of Khafra. She is mentioned in the tomb of her son Sekhemkare. * Persenet may have been a wife of Khafra based on the location of her tomb. She was the mother of Nikaure.〔Dodson, Aidan and Hilton, Dyan. The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt. Thames & Hudson. 2004. ISBN 0-500-05128-3〕 Other children of Khafra are known, but no mothers have been identified. Further sons include Ankhmare, Akhre, Iunmin, and Iunre. Two more daughters named Rekhetre and Hemetre are known as well.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Khafra」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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