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| }} |common_name = Kyrgyzstan |image_flag = Flag of Kyrgyzstan.svg |image_coat = National emblem of Kyrgyzstan.svg |symbol_type = Emblem |image_map = Kyrgyzstan (orthographic projection).svg |map_caption = |national_anthem = Кыргыз Республикасынын Мамлекеттик Гимни ''Kyrgyz Respublikasynyn Mamlekettik Gimni'' |ethnic_groups = |languages_type = Official languages〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=Government of Kyrgyzstan )〕 |languages = |demonym = |religion = Islam, Russian Orthodoxy |capital = Bishkek |latd=42 |latm=52 |latNS=N |longd=74 |longm=36 |longEW=E |largest_city = capital |government_type = Unitary parliamentary republic |leader_title1 = President |leader_name1 = |leader_title2 = Prime Minister |leader_name2 = Temir Sariyev |legislature = Supreme Council |area_km2 = 199,951 |area_sq_mi = 77,181 |area_magnitude = 1 E11 |area_rank = 87th |percent_water = 3.6 |population_estimate = 6,000,000 |population_estimate_year = 2015 |population_estimate_rank = 110th |population_census = 5,362,800 |population_census_year = 2009 |population_density_km2 = 27.4 |population_density_sq_mi = 71 |population_density_rank = 176th |GDP_PPP_year = 2011 |GDP_PPP = $13.125 billion〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Kyrgyzstan )〕 |GDP_PPP_rank = |GDP_PPP_per_capita = $2,372〔 |GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = |GDP_nominal = $5.920 billion〔 |GDP_nominal_year = 2011 |GDP_nominal_per_capita = $1,070〔 |HDI_year = 2013 |HDI = 0.628 |HDI_ref = |HDI_rank = 125th |HDI_change = increase |Gini = 30.3 |Gini_year = 2003 |Gini_category = medium |sovereignty_type = Independence |established_event1 = Kara-Kirghiz AO |established_date1 = 14 October 1924 |established_event2 = Kirghiz SSR |established_date2 = 5 December 1936 |established_event3 = Independence declared |established_date3 = 31 August 1991 |established_event4 = Recognized |established_date4 = 25 December 1991 |currency = Som |currency_code = KGS |time_zone = KGT |utc_offset = +5 to +6 |time_zone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |drives_on = right |cctld = .kg |calling_code = +996 }} Kyrgyzstan ( ;〔Or , or with the stress on the first syllable. See J. C. Wells, ''Longman Pronunciation Dictionary'', 3rd ed. (Harlow, England: Pearson Education Ltd., 2008).〕 (キルギス語:Кыргызстан) ''Kyrgyzstan'' ((:qɯrʁɯsˈstɑn)); (ロシア語:Киргизия) or Кыргызстан), officially the Kyrgyz Republic ((キルギス語:Кыргыз Республикасы) ''Kyrgyz Respublikasy''; (ロシア語:Кыргызская Республика) ''Kyrgyzskaya Respublika''), formerly known as Kirghizia, is a country located in Central Asia. Landlocked and mountainous, Kyrgyzstan is bordered by Kazakhstan to the north, Uzbekistan to the west, Tajikistan to the south west and China to the east. Its capital and largest city is Bishkek. Kyrgyzstan's history spans over 2,000 years, encompassing a variety of cultures and empires. Although geographically isolated by its highly mountainous terrain – which has helped preserve its ancient culture – Kyrgyzstan has historically been at the crossroads of several great civilizations, namely as part of the Silk Road and other commercial and cultural routes. Though long inhabited by a succession of independent tribes and clans, Kyrgyzstan has periodically come under foreign domination and attained sovereignty as a nation-state only after the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991. Since independence, Kyrgyzstan has officially been a unitary parliamentary republic, although it continues to endure ethnic conflicts, revolts, economic troubles,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Kyrgyz Republic Economy: Population, GDP, Inflation, Business, Trade, FDI, Corruption )〕 transitional governments, and political party conflicts.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Kyrgyz Unrest )〕 Kyrgyzstan is a member of the Commonwealth of Independent States, the Eurasian Economic Union, the Collective Security Treaty Organization, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, the Turkic Council, the TÜRKSOY community and the United Nations. Ethnic Kyrgyz make up the majority of the country's 5.7 million people, followed by significant minorities of Uzbeks and Russians. The official language, Kyrgyz, is closely related to the other Turkic languages, although Russian remains widely spoken, a legacy of a century-long policy of Russification. The majority of the population (64 percent) are nondenominational Muslims.〔"Chapter 1: Religious Affiliation". The World's Muslims: Unity and Diversity. Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project. 9 August 2012. Retrieved 4 September 2013〕 In addition to its Turkic origins, Kyrgyz culture bears elements of Persian, Mongolian, and Russian influence. ==Etymology== "Kyrgyz" is believed to have been derived from the Turkic word for "forty", in reference to the forty clans of Manas, a legendary hero who united forty regional clans against the Uyghurs. Literally, Kyrgyz means ''We are forty''. At the time, in the early 9th century AD, the Uyghurs dominated much of Central Asia (including Kyrgyzstan), Mongolia, and parts of Russia and China.〔(Forty tribes and the 40-ray sun on the flag of Kyrgyzstan ), SRAS–The School of Russian and Asian Studies〕 The 40-ray sun on the flag of Kyrgyzstan is a reference to those same forty tribes and the graphical element in the sun's center depicts the wooden crown of a yurt – a portable dwelling traditionally used by nomads in the steppes of Central Asia. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Kyrgyzstan」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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