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A klobuk is an item of clerical clothing worn by Eastern Orthodox and Eastern Catholic monastics and bishops, especially in the Russian tradition. It is composed of a kamilavka (stiffened black headcovering, round and flat on the top) with an epanokamelavkion (veil) which completely covers the kamilavka and hangs down over the shoulders and back. In the Athonite tradition, the epanokamelavkion is simply laid over the kamilavka and allowed to hang freely,〔The Athonite Typicon calls for the veil to be removed at certain points during the services.〕 but in other traditions it is permanently attached.〔A deacon's epanokamelavkion is normally removable because he serves wearing only the kamilavka when he vests.〕 The klobuk is the headgear most often worn in church by professed monastics. During the services, there are specified times when monks are to remove the klobuk and lay it on their left shoulder to denote reverence for the sacred (for instance, when the Priest brings the Chalice out through the Holy Doors for the distribution of Holy Communion during the Divine Liturgy). Nuns do not normally remove the klobuk at any time during services.〔 Even when nuns are to be anointed on the forehead, they do not remove the klobuk, only pushing it back on their heads enough for the priest or bishop to anoint them.〕 The klobuk is often worn by bishops also. Diocesan bishops wear the simple monastic klobuk. Slavic Archbishops and Metropolitans usually wear a small jewelled cross on the front of their klobuk as a mark of their rank (). Metropolitans wear a klobuk that is white rather than black (). The Patriarch of Romania wears a white klobuk as well as a white Ryassa.() The Patriarchs of some Orthodox Churches (for example, the Patriarch of Moscow) wear a white headress similar to the klobuk that is rounded on top, decorated with embroidered images of seraphim, and surmounted with a cross (). Patriarchs and bishops of the Coptic Catholic () and Armenian Catholic () churches wear klobuks as well, although it is not a headgear worn by their Oriental Orthodox counterparts. Red klobuks have been worn by a Coptic Catholic patriarch (), an Armenian Catholic catholicos (), and a Ukrainian Catholic major archbishop () after being elevated to the cardinalate. A purple klobuk has been used by a Ukrainian Catholic bishop (). ==Notes== 〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Klobuk」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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