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The Kodo-kai ( ''Kōdō-kai'', ''Koh-doh-kai'') is a yakuza criminal organization based in Nagoya, Japan.〔("Nation's No. 2 gangster arrested" ), November 19, 2010, ''Daily Yomiuri''〕 It is a secondary organization of the Sixth Yamaguchi-gumi, the largest known yakuza syndicate in Japan.〔("Police anti-gang drive in trouble" ), December 11, 2010, ''Asahi Shimbun''〕 With an estimated membership of 5,000,〔("Yakuza chief arrested in Japan" ), November 18, 2010, ''The Guardian''〕 it is the second-largest Yamaguchi affiliate after the Yamaken-gumi, and operates in at least 18 prefectures.〔("Police wary as Yamaguchi-gumi prepares to fete sixth don" ), August 19, 2005, ''The Japan Times''〕 The Kodo-kai is under close surveillance by the National Police Agency, as the NPA considers the organization to not be a traditional yakuza organization, but to be more like a mafia-type organization or terrorist organization.〔("The "Top Operations" for destroying the Yamaguchi-gumi Kodo-kai, arresting from the kumicho to the number 3" ), December 17, 2010, ''Weekly Friday'' 〕 The Kodo-kai is notorious for its defiant attitude toward the official, and has dispensed with the yakuza's traditional policy of co-operating with the police.〔 The Kodo-kai has been one of the wealthiest clans in the Yamaguchi-gumi, with an immense working capital estimated at around $5 billion.〔 ==History== The Kodo-kai was founded in 1984 by Shinobu Tsukasa〔("2010 Police White Paper Chapter 2 : Furtherance of Organized Crime Countermeasures, Columun 1 : Kodo-kai Countermeasures" ), 2010, ''National Police Agency'' 〕 with 24 other members including Kiyoshi Takayama.〔 At this time, Tsukasa became a formal member of the Fourth Yamaguchi-gumi. When the Fifth Yamaguchi-gumi started in May 1989, Tsukasa assumed the position of ''wakagashira-hosa'' (one of the third-ranking bosses). Kiyoshi Takayama was promoted to the number-two boss (''wakagashira'') in 1989, and to the 2nd president (''kaicho'') in March 2005.〔 The Kodo-kai expanded under Takayama's administration,〔 and by late 2009 its total membership reached 4,000.〔 Takayama became a formal member of the Fifth Yamaguchi-gumi in April, 2005, and assumed the position of ''wakagashira-hosa'' in June, 2005. And when Tsukasa became the ''kumicho'' (Godfather) of the Sixth Yamaguchi-gumi in July 2005, his Kodo-kai partner Takayama was given the position of the ''wakagashira'' (number-two boss) on August 8.〔("From rackets to real estate, yakuza multifaceted" ), February 14, 2007, ''The Japan Times''〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Kodo-kai」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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