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Kolbeinsey
Kolbeinsey (or, Kolbeinn's Isle, Seagull Rock, Mevenklint, Mevenklip, and Meeuw Steen)〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Kolbeinn's Isle (Kolbeinsey) )〕 is a small islet off the northern coast of Iceland, north-northwest of the island of Grímsey. The island is the northernmost point of Iceland and lies north of the Arctic Circle. A basalt landform, devoid of vegetation, it is subject to rapid wave erosion and is expected to disappear in the near future, probably around the year 2020, based upon current rates of erosion.〔 〕
The original size of the island is unknown. When it was first measured in 1616, its size was from north to south and east to west. By 1903, it had already diminished to half that size. In August 1985, the size was given as across.〔 At the beginning of 2001, Kolbeinsey had reduced to an area of a mere , which would correspond to the size of a circle of about in diameter. The island has a maximum elevation of .
A helicopter landing site was constructed on the island in 1989 but efforts to strengthen the island have subsided in part because of agreements with Denmark over limits.〔 It is named after Kolbein Sigmundsson from Kolbeinsdal in Skagafjörður who is said to have broken his ship there and died with his men.
== Geology ==
A submarine eruption was reported in 1372 near the Kolbeinsey Ridge northwest of Grímsey. Kolbeinsey is the only subaerial expression of this portion of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. It formed during the late-Pleistocene or Holocene. Dredged glass shards indicate submarine eruptive activity during the late-Pleistocene until at least 11,800 radiocarbon years ago.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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