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Kolchuga passive sensor
The Kolchuga (Кольчуга ''Chainmail'') passive sensor is an ESM system developed in the Soviet Union and manufactured in Ukraine. Its detection range is limited by line-of-sight but may be up to for very high altitude, very powerful emitters. Frequently referred to as ''Kolchuga Radar'', the system is not really a radar, but an ESM system comprising three or four receivers, deployed tens of kilometres apart, which detect and track aircraft by triangulation and multilateration of their RF emissions.
==History==
Original Kolchuga was developed in 1980s by Rostov military institute of GRU and Topaz radioelectronical factory in Donetsk. Serial production since 1987. 44 units were produced before 1 January 1992, 14 of them left in Ukraine.
After break up of Soviet Union, Kolchuga-M was modernized by the Special Radio Device Design Bureau public holding, the Topaz holding, the Donetsk National Technical University, the Ukrspetsexport state company, and the Investment and Technologies Company. It took them eight years (1993–2000) to conduct research, develop algorithms, test solutions on experimental specimens, and launch serial production. The relatively cheap Ukrainian Kolchuga-M passive radar station is able to detect and identify practically all known active radio devices mounted on ground, airborne, or marine objects.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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