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Kreevins
Kreevins were Votes who lived in the Latvian town of Bauska and spoke a dialect of Votic. In the middle of the 19th century they merged with the surrounding Latvians,〔(The Red Book of Peoples - Votes )〕 although many traditional aspects of Votic culture are still preserved. The name ''krieviņi'' means "Russians" (diminutive form) in the Latvian language.
==History==
The ancestors of the Kreevins were Votes who originally lived in Ingria. Vincke von Overbeg of the Teutonic Order took about 3,000 Votic prisoners of war during his attack of Ingria in 1444–1447. They were transferred to the town of Bauska to be used as laborers during the construction of Bauska Castle. Before this, plague had killed many of the original inhabitants. When the castle was finished, the Votes settled the area and became farmers. The first written record of them dates from 1636.〔Toivo Vuorela, ''Suomensukuiset kansat'', s. 114-115. Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura, 1960〕 In 1805, there were estimated 1,200 Kreevins in Bauska and its surroundings, but according to local priest Karl Lutzau, five years later there were only 12–15 persons who could still speak the Votic language, all of whom were elders. Anders Johan Sjögren made a research trip to the area in 1846, and concluded that the Votic language had almost disappeared from the region. After this there are no records from living Kreevins. Ferdinand Johan Wiedemann, in 1871, was the first to prove a link between Votes and Kreevins.〔Mauno Jokipii, ''Itämerensuomalaiset - Heimokansojen historiaa ja kohtaloita'', Jyväskylä 1995, ISBN 9519362800 ''(in Finnish)''〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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