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Muhammad ibn Ya'qub al-Kulayni
Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Ya'qub ibn Ishaq al-Kulayni al-Razi (Persian: شیخ ابوجعفر محمّد بن یعقوب بن اسحاق رازی; c. 250 AH/864 CE - 329 AH/941 CE).〔(Shaikh Mohammed bin Yaqoob bin Ishaq Kulaini & Al Kafi @ islam-laws.com )〕
==Life==
Al-Kulayni was born in Kulayn, a village or small town situated near Rey, in Iran.〔Ali Akbar al-Ghaffari's introduction to his eight-volume edition of al-Kulayni's Usul al-Kafi , Tehran, 3rd edition 1388-), I, 9-13.〕 His father was Mullah Ya'qub al-Kulayni, who is buried at Rey. He belonged to the era of the Minor Occultation of Muhammad al-Mahdi (the last Twelver Shia Imam who, according Shia belief, is currently in occultation and will appear near the Day of Judgment) and is claimed to have greatly benefited from al-Mahdi's divine knowledge by interacting with him through the Imam's deputies and emissaries.〔Ali Akbar al-Ghaffari's introduction to his eight-volume edition of al-Kulayni's al-Kafi , Ibid. I, 13-14.〕〔Syed Waheed Akhtar: Early Imammiyah Shiite Thinkers〕 For this reason he has an exalted status among the scholars of successive generations.
Kulayni belonged to a family of muhaddithun (hadith experts) and fuqaha (Islamic jurists). He spent the major part of his life in the 3rd century Hijri hence he is known as 'Mujaddid (reviver) of the 3rd century.'〔I. K Howard〕 Kulayni received his early religious education in his native town and went to Rey for further education, where he attended the lectures of famous contemporary scholars. There he received all his formal education and mastered Islamic sciences. Within a relatively short period he acquired fame as an eminent scholar and received students from far and near.
He is counted among a special class of muhaddithun known as ''Rihalah-ye hadith.''〔 In Arabic, ''Rihlah'' means journey and those who travelled in order to collect ahadith and met the persons considered to be the authority on hadith. He travelled to Baghdad for this reason and lived there for twenty years, engaged in teaching and pursuing academic work, until he died in 329 AH/941 CE. He is considered the foremost Shia compiler of hadith and was the author of Kitab al-Kafi.
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