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Kunstgraben
A ''Kunstgraben'' is a type of man-made water channel that was once used by mines to drive the water wheels needed for power, mine drainage and a host of other purposes. The term is German (plural: ''Kunstgräben'').
== Background ==
Until the invention of the steam engine, water power was the main source of energy utilised by the various mechanical engines employed in the mining industry, such as water wheels, reversible water wheels, water-column engines or water turbines.
To enable mine workings to be driven ever deeper, more and more power was needed. The water available in the vicinity of the pits was insufficient for that purpose and springs frequently dried up as a result of be diverted for use in the mines. As a result, the water needed for the mine workings sometimes had to be transported over long distances.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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