|
}} Lake Kutubu is a lake in the Southern Highlands Province of Papua New Guinea. It lies to the east of the Kikori River, into which it eventually drains. It is about 50 km southwest of Mendi, the provincial capital. It is one of the few lakes in the country that occurs in a depression in the rugged interior mountains.〔Brian Essai. ''Papua and New Guinea: A Contemporary Survey''. Melbourne: Oxford University Press, 1961. Page 21.〕 It is the second-largest lake in Papua New Guinea,〔(Lake Kutubu ) at Ramsar site〕 after Lake Murray, and, at 800 m above sea level,〔 the largest upland lake.〔(Pilot and Demonstration Activities: Integrated Catchment Management in Lake Kutubu, Papua New Guinea ) at Asian Development Bank website〕 The area of the lake is 49.24 km²,〔 while the total catchment area is 250 km².〔 Lake Kutubu and Lake Sentani form an ecoregion on the WWF's Global 200.〔(Lakes Kutubu and Sentani ) at WWF〕 The lake has a few islands, the largest of which is Wasemi Island in its northern part. The water of Lake Kutubu is clear, and the lake reaches a depth of 70 m (230 feet). It is fed by several streams, most of its contents come from underground sources.〔 The catchment is inhabited by two main ethnic groups, the Foe to the south and the Fasu to the north. Thirty-three villages lie in the catchment area, with a total estimated population of 10,885.〔 The lake gave its name to the nearby Kutubu Oil Project, Papua New Guinea's first commercial oilfield development, operated by Oil Search Limited, and which began production in 1992.〔(Kutubu ) on Oil Search Limited website〕 The development has supported the local economy, and caused a general in-migration to the area, and ecological problems resulting from rapid population growth, including pollution, forest destruction and overfishing. A proposed gas pipeline and road are expected to exacerbate these problems unless they are well-managed.〔 ==Fauna== Lake Kutubu includes 13 endemic fish species, making it the most unusual lacustrine habitat for fishes in the New Guinea-Australia region.〔 The endemic fish species are:〔List taken from (Lakes Kutubu and Sentani - A Global Ecoregion ) from the WWF, although it reports a figure of 11 species.〕〔Polhemus, D.A., R.A. Englund, and G.R. Allen (2004). ''(Freshwater Biotas of New Guinea and Nearby Islands: Analysis of Endemism ).'' Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, Conservation International〕 * Kutubu tandan (''Oloplotosus torobo'') * Lake Kutubu rainbowfish (''Melanotaenia lacustris'') * Kutubu hardyhead (''Craterocephalus lacustris'') * Adamson's grunter (''Hephaestus adamsoni'') * Black mogurnda (''Mogurnda furva'') * Lake Kutubu mogurnda (''Mogurnda kutubuensis'') * ''Mogurnda maccuneae'' * ''Mogurnda mosa'' * Blotched mogurnda (''Mogurnda spilota'') * Variegated mogurnda (''Mogurnda variegata'') * Striped mogurnda (''Mogurnda vitta'') * Two undescribed species of ''Glossogobius'' (tentatively known as "new sp. 8" and "new sp. 12")〔 Additionally, the Parastacid crayfish ''Cherax papuanus'' is endemic to the lake. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lake Kutubu」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|