|
''Kyōka'' (, "wild" or "mad poetry") is a popular, parodic subgenre of the tanka form of Japanese poetry with a metre of 5-7-5-7-7. ==Background== In much the same way poets in the kanshi style (Chinese poetry by Japanese poets) wrote humorous kyōshi poems, poets in the native Japanese waka style composed humorous poems in the 31-syllable style. During the Edo period there were two major branches of ''kyōka'', one based in Edo (modern Tokyo), and ''Naniwa kyōka'' in the Kansai region. ''Naniwa kyōka'' arose in Kyoto in the 16th century, at first practised by aristocrats such as (1571–1654). It later found practitioners amongst commoners and centred in Osaka, whose earlier name ''Naniwa'' lent its name to the regional form. In the late 18th century, the economic policies of senior councillor Tanuma Okitsugu led to a sense of liberations, and various publishing forms flourished during this time. Edo samurai poets such as Yomo no Akara (1749–1823), (1740–1800), and (1743–1802) gathered for meetings and contests of ''kyōka'' poetry, which they took to publishing in the following decade. The earliest and largest collection was the ''Manzai kyōka-shū'' (, "Wild Poems of Ten Thousand Generations") that Akara edited and had published in 1783. ''Kyōka'' in Edo reached its zenith during the Tenmei era (1781–89) Numerous ''kyōka'' appear throughout Jippensha Ikku's comic ''kokkeibon'' novel ''Tōkaidōchū Hizakurige'' (1802–22). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Kyōka」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|