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Kyū
(:kjuː) is a Japanese term used in modern martial arts as well as in ''tea ceremony'', ''flower arranging'', ''go'', ''shogi'', academic tests and other similar activities to designate various grades, levels or degrees of proficiency or experience. In China, kyū (級) is called "ji", and it is used for academic tests. In Korea, the term geup (급) is used (also transliterated as gup or kup). In Vietnamese martial arts, it is known as cấp (khớp).
==History==
In 1883, Kanō Jigorō, the founder of Judo, established the system of ''Dan'' ranking to measure the Judo practitioners' ability.〔(Black Belt Magazine, May 1991 ) Page 64.〕 This system was referred to the Dan ranking system of Go, the ancient board game. Some organizations of academic tests started using the ''Kyū'' ranking system to measure candidates' ability.〔Pauley, Daniel C. ''Pauley's Guide - A Dictionary of Japanese Martial Arts and Culture'' By Daniel C. Pauley, Samantha Pauley, 2009 p208〕
Similarly, the Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department started a ranking system using Kyū to measure the police officers' ability in Kendo. Grades were from 8th to 1st.〔(Kendo America: Kendo Rank )〕
In the 1890s, the Greater Japan Martial Virtue Society introduced the ''dan'' and ''kyū'' ranking system to other martial arts in Japan.〔(Morris, Phil; ''The Origins Of Judo’s Kyu/Dan Grading System'' )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Kyū」の詳細全文を読む
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