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The Kāraṇḍavyūha Sūtra (Tibetan: (pa ) za ma tog bkod pa zhes bya ba theg pa chen po'i mdo; Chinese: 佛說大乘莊嚴寶王經, Taishō Tripiṭaka 1050) is a Mahayana sūtra which extols the virtues and powers of the great Bodhisattva Avalokiteśvara, and which is particularly notable for introducing the mantra Om mani padme hum into the sūtra tradition. == General Features == The ''( Karandavyuha Sutra )'' is a Mahayana sutra that was compiled at the end of the 4th century or beginning of the 5th century C.E.〔Alexander Studholme, ''The Origins of Om Manipadme Hum: A Study of the Karandavyuha Sutra'', State University of New York Press, Albany, 2002, p. 17〕 It is notable for its presentation of the bodhisattva Avalokitesvara as 'the supreme Buddhist ''isvara'' (divine lord) or 'great cosmic ''purusa''' (cosmic person/ being),〔Alexander Studholme, ''The Origins of Om Manipadme Hum: A Study of the Karandavyuha Sutra'', SUNY, 2002, pp. 59 and 39〕 whose effulgence is even greater than that of any other bodhisattva or Buddha. A striking feature of Avalokitesvara in this sutra is his creative power, as he is said to be the progenitor of various heavenly bodies and major divinities. Alexander Studholme, in his monograph on the sutra, writes: 'The sun and moon are said to be born from the bodhisattva's eyes, Mahesvara () from his brow, Brahma from his shoulders, Narayana () from his heart, Sarasvati from his teeth, the winds from his mouth, the earth from his feet and the sky from his stomach.'.〔Alexander Studholme, ''The Origins of Om Manipadme Hum: A Study of the Karandavyuha Sutra'', SUNY, 2002, p. 40〕 The sutra introduces the Buddhist mantra, Om Manipadme Hum, which it states can lead to liberation (''moksha'') and eventual Buddhahood.〔Studholme, ''The Origins of Om Manipadme Hum: A Study of the Karandavyuha Sutra'', SUNY, 2002, p. 68〕 A. Studholme sees this famous mantra as being a declarative aspiration, possibly meaning 'I in the jewel-lotus',〔Alexander Studholme, ''The Origins of Om Manipadme Hum: A Study of the Karandavyuha Sutra'', SUNY, 2002, p. 117〕 with the jewel-lotus being a reference to birth in the lotus made of jewels in the Buddhist Paradise, Sukhavati, of Buddha Amitabha. The mantra is the very heart of Avalokitesvara (the supreme Buddha of Compassion) and can usher in Awakening. A. Studholme writes: 'Om Manipadme Hum, then, is both the ''paramahrdaya'', or 'innermost heart', of Avalokitesvara ... It is also ... a ''mahavidya'', a mantra capable of bringing about the 'great knowledge' of enlightenment itself ...' 〔Alexander Studholme, ''The Origins of Om Manipadme Hum: A Study of the Karandavyuha Sutra'', SUNY, 2002, p. 108〕 Avalokitesvara himself is linked in the versified version of the sutra to the first Buddha, the Adi-Buddha, who is 'svayambhu' (self-existent, not born from anything or anyone). Studholme comments: 'Avalokitesvara himself, the verse sutra adds, is an emanation of the ''Adibuddha'', or 'primordial Buddha', a term that is explicitly said to be synoymous with ''Svayambhu'' and ''Adinatha'', 'primordial lord'.' 〔Alexander Studholme, ''The Origins of Om Manipadme Hum: A Study of the Karandavyuha Sutra'', SUNY, 2002, p. 12〕 According to a Tibetan legendary tradition, the text of ''Kāraṇḍavyūhasūtra'' arrived in a casket from the sky unto the roof of the palace of the 28th king of Tibet, Lha Thothori Nyantsen who died in 650 C.E., in southern Tibet. This coincides with one version of dating of the ''Kāraṇḍavyūhasūtra'', somewhere in the 4th or perhaps early 5th century, however it seems more likely that the ''sutra'' has originated in Kashmir, due to closeness to characteristics to Kasmiri tantric traditions of the time and to ''Avataṁsakasūtra'' earlier associated with the Central Asian regions.〔Studholme, Alexander: ''The Origins of Om Manipadme Hum'', Albany, NY 2002, pp. 13-14.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Kāraṇḍavyūhasūtra」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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