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The PDP-11 is a series of 16-bit minicomputers sold by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) from 1970 into the 1990s, one of a succession of products in the PDP series.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Timeline )〕 The PDP-11 had several uniquely innovative features, and was easier to program than its predecessors through the additional general-purpose registers. The PDP-11 replaced the PDP-8 in many real-time applications, although both product lines lived in parallel for more than 10 years. In total, around 600,000 PDP-11s of all models were sold, making it one of DEC's most successful product lines. Its successor in the mid-range minicomputer niche was the 32-bit VAX-11, named as a nod to the PDP-11's popularity. The PDP-11 is considered by some experts〔Bob Supnik. ("Simulators: Virtual Machines of the Past (and Future)" ). ACM Queue. 2004.〕〔Jeffrey R. Harrow. ("My, How Far We've Come" )〕〔Frank Rose. ("Into the Heart of the Mind: An American Quest for Artificial Intelligence" ). 1985. p. 37.〕 to be the most popular minicomputer ever. Design features of the PDP-11 influenced the design of most late-1970s computer systems including the Intel x86〔 and the Motorola 68000. Design features of PDP-11 operating systems, as well as other operating systems from Digital Equipment, influenced the design of other operating systems such as CP/M and hence also MS-DOS. For a decade PDP-11 was the smallest system that could run Unix; the first officially named version ran on the PDP-11/20 in 1970. It is commonly stated that the C programming language took advantage of several low-level PDP-11–dependent programming features,〔Bakyo, John. ("DEC PDP-11, benchmark for the first 16/32 bit generation. (1970)" ) in ''Great Microprocessors of the Past and Present (V 13.4.0)'', Section Three, Part I. Accessed 2011-03-04〕 albeit not originally by design.〔("The Development of the C Language" ) in section ''More History'', by Dennis M. Ritchie. Accessed August 5, 2011.〕 == History == In 1967–68, DEC engineers designed a 16-bit, word-addressed machine. Management cancelled the project and some of the engineers later left DEC and produced it as the Data General Nova. A subsequent effort, code-named "Desk Calculator", looked at a variety of options before choosing what became the 16-bit PDP-11;〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://hampage.hu/pdp-11/birth.html )〕 DEC's previous PDP-8 and PDP-9 had 12- and 18-bit words, respectively. The PDP-11 family was announced in January 1970 and shipments began early that year. DEC sold over 170,000 PDP-11s in the 1970s.〔Paul Cerruzi, ''A History of Modern Computing'', MIT Press, 2003, ISBN 0-262-53203-4, page 199〕 Initially manufactured of small-scale transistor–transistor logic, a single-board large scale integration version of the processor was developed in 1975. A single-chip processor, the J-11 was developed in 1979. The last models of the PDP-11 line were the PDP-11/94 and -11/93 introduced in 1990.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「PDP-11」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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